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ȻһĿ֮У֪ɵƵȴţҵ
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ʱĹƻ󣬳ƿѧɵƿ
ͳĻˣϾֻɵƲſó㽫ʹ
磬СѰǾ͡ˮţҵѽȤö࣬Լ
ǳһŻģûпBLOGҲ֪
ѧˡСǷд֮ܶС޵
ƲߣһССţˡţڻУ滹Ծ
ͬСţ˺ƺ黹ܶ࣬硰߱
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ʱΨһϣţĵʱˣ
ţͲҿӣ˵ֽɷ
ʵӦдɵɵϷġô浱ȻҪ
ѹڵˣԽϣ

ڣȻˣ֮µĳϲΪ磿

ʵ֤ġԵҽ׼ҵǰ԰̽ȥ
񣬹ʿ˼е֮⣬˭Ϊѧ˺С
ƽ̫µģ

ޱӦֻԼɵƵġѧѧ⣬ѧԸⱻ⣬
ͱʲôأƫҪװɾӢĻָ𣬴Լǻż
գǼֱһġ

˵̫ϻҲ͹޶£̣ŲҪðˡ
ȥڱغܻٳڻˡҶ̫ϻ
£̵ķǳ࣬һȴ⣬ΪţһȷӦ
޸ڰúܲġֻϧûд⻰ĳ߲
ڡУȴĴ˵ա

ǣĻûνдзĺУʱ
ʡ˭֪㲻㣬޵ţȻҵ·ȥǰҸˡ
ɵˡ

(XYS20060825)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

ܲܲ

ߣò˵

ǶƵģԺҪ̸һ㶼ʶû
κϵ

ΪٵĴѧʦҲμνĸʦѵſΣ
ѧѧְҵºͽʦ档Ž̲ľɽ˾࣬
ôߵôȨ鼮ܸ߲ŶԣȻ֮࣬
šֻЩνרңѧ˵ܲܲ
˰ԡߵȽѧΪ˵һ⡣ γ̲л
ģɸߵȽ飬19998µڶ棬2003
12µĵ10ӡˢģ20.20Ԫ

ֻ˵ʮºݣ˺ʹӵʮ¿ʼָ֮


1	241ҳ3У ϶ơ ӦΪ ҵơ
2	256ҳڶУ   ʦˣˡӦΪ  ʦҪˡ
3	257ҳ9У ִѧӦΪƴѧ
4	258ҳ12У  ʦ˿ڡôͨ˳Ϊʦ
ڡ
5	260ҳ5У ֭ ӦΪ 񡱣
6	260ҳ2У ǰ˵ҵƴԼʱ18ܣô
ͼʵ׶ξҪõ20ܣ
7	261ҳ4У ҪͳһӦΪҪͳһ
8	261ҳ11У ļ顱ӦΪ ļ顱
9	267ҳ3У  ʽ֪ʶӦΪѧ֪ʶ
10	268ҳ1У ݾѪӦΪݾֹ
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14	288ҳ4У ġӦΪ۵ġ
15	293ҳ4У ˣԲ⡱ӦΪҪԲ⡱
16	297ҳ4У᳧ԴˡӦΪ϶Դˡ
17	297ҳ4У СͬӦΪͬ
18	298ҳ8У ˮƽǰ;ӦΪˮƽĻ;
19	301ҳڶ5У ໥͸ӦΪ໥͸
20	303ҳ6У63ҼӦΪ63Ҽ
21	303ҳ13УҪӦΪʮҪ
22	303ҳ1УѧӦΪѧ
23	304ҳ7Уά衱ӦΪά衱
24	308ҳͼ121ͼȻǴӡ׼׶ΡʼִҲ
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25	310ҳ9УСɡӦΪСɡ
26	315ҳ4УӦΪ
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28	316ҳͼ122Ȼݶǡѧѧۡε
29	318ҳ11Ͳܳ־ţȻҲһţ
30	319ҳ6УϤѧӦΪϤѧ
31	320ҳ⣬ѧʵӦΪѧʵ
32	326ҳ2УӴţǿӦΪӴǿ
33	327ҳ12УŵʱӦΪǵʱ
34	327ҳ13УѧӦˮ桱ӦΪѧӦ桱
35	330ҳ4, ӦΪξ򡱣
36	339ҳڵı⣬ ΪӦΪѧ
37	340ҳ12УӦΪ
38	340ҳ4УҪӦΪҪ󡱣
39	352ҳ13УӦΪν
40	356ҳ7УӦΪν
41	377ҳ11У нӦΪн
42	379ҳ9УСӦΪС
43	385ҳ10УӦΪν
44	388ҳ13УǡӦΪǡ
45	389ҳ6УǧӦΪɲ
46	390ҳ4УʩȡӦΪʩ̡
47	390ҳ5УӦΪν
48	390ҳһУӦעЩ⡱ӦΪӦעЩ⡱

http://www.ecnuhe.org/xab.htm ֪лǸǳɹѧߣ
νǣⱾ̲ĺҶѧˮƽѧǳֻ
̬ȵˡ

Ҳ˻˵ǴӡӦУԱ𣬵
ǣ1ֻ߲Ż᷸ͼ122ͼ121ĵͼ󣻣2һϸѧ
ԵԼѧԴһٰ鼮Ȼô
ֻ˵ԼûĶԼ飬ǴԵ

(XYS20060825)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

Ϊʲô15%ûҽƱգ

     ҽ    ŦԼ 20068

й˲֪ȫҽΪ壬ΪȫҽĿľǡȫ
ҽƱϡҪߴңȫҽĵһǡȫ񡱣ǡ
ˡҽȫҽĿǹҸˡҽ˺úõģǸʲ
ôԿһûҽƱϣȿûҽƱϡ

ӡ1947ʵȫҽҰ˵ҽƸ1
Ҫ7-9ũͳ˵ҽƸԼҪ60-70ʱ䡣
Ǯ⣬йҽҲһܴ⡣

йңΪʲô15%ûҽƱգҪߴ
15%ˡйˣһǳҪĲܸʵظһ飺
ٷ֮ٵṩҽƱաˣŦԼݵģ
ˣĹ涨벻7000Ԫд2000ԪĹ
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ҽƷѺͽȫɹҳһǮҲ18ϣ͵˹
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ҽƷѺҹܵΪֹȫ˶뵽ȥ
ˡ

ŷ޵ڷɵĲϣҪһҪԱҽ
գԭں潲Ӣĸ2ŷ޹ҪһҪԱ
ҽƱաԱҽƱգôԱͻѡԼ
ԼǽҪ۵15%⡣ûҽƱ
ˣһǷǷǲˣǵ۲漰⣩
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ʮʮˡкܺõĹн4-6ԪǴԼһ
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ҽԺһְλṤߣsocial workerȥ
ǹ֮ܵһ˭ҪǮҽҽҪǮǮĲԼǮû
ǮĲ˵ȻҹҪǮˡʮǰŦԼʶһλŮй衣
ûݡ˼βססԺһǧԪΪû
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Ҫ۵ĹؼΪʲôҪԱҽŷ
Ҳɹ涨ҪйԱҽûҽƱϵ
ǡμҺҽƱղŷ
100%ˣֻ˵˵ѡΪǸֻᵽ˹
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ҵ˵˭涼˺ǹ治˺ָС
Сʱҡ(ҪˣҲһС) Ϊ
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ͻ˺á㲻׬ǮҾͲˣҾͻдʧ
ҵԱԲʲͳ̨и˼˰ߡָ׬Ǯ
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ҶĿƴѧŦԼݵVassar Collegeڴѧ
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ɱй˹ʵĲѹͣ͵ٵ;û˸ΪֹС
ʱ˵ġֹ۵෢չʷʵȫǺڰ׵ߵ
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зԣҪеӣ¼𶯿ʱ

ŦԼˣÿ12·ݣҪŦԼʱиȫб
ȫʱһŦԼͶʵܶֱܶȽˣ
ҶһңлˣǮˡ

һ10-20꣬ͻһӡ
һùԼȥκʱ򶼲100%ıգǸ
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ΪеĿȫǹཻ˰ŷ޽˹룬ǵ
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¡ʧҵ̫һԭҵĵ¹ʣң
ŷĽĵһԭй

ӡʣΪʲô15%ûҽƱգ²ӡ
ҽƹԱͻȥļ绰
ӡҽҩԱѯʣλҽҩԱ˵ܻش70%⣬
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ҽǹרҡһ£24СʱŪˡ

ǣͬһȴй˵СǼ㿴йҽƹıݣ
֪Ҳ15%ûҽʱЩϲйûҽ
ҲһûҽйûǮֻеҲ15%˵ز
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θԤҽѧذҽҴǮо磻촵ҽ
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ҽۣðͬһʱԺ֧ҽ 
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50%к50%İҽѧԺѧ;ⶼñӦøũ񿴲Ǯȥ
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ͨӢʵҪ쵼13˵ҽҵ
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˲ţһҪķǳԱһҪᡣ뷨
ǳʵʡһҪᣬ˻˵ɵSorry.   Ҳ
ҪйˣֻǿҽЩϲũβǮ
ŪŪΰ̲ҾʵѹסҵĻҽƭǮƭƭ50ˣ
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ȫ綼й޳ܡй˵

ע⣬ƪֻһ棬û
һͿƶһ档ⲢζӺ⡣

οΣй½ҽϵٰ棩ҽѧƺ¥
www.med8th.com

1ӡȲ̸ѣ2006320գйԴ
ʱ

Ӣģ2     August 1, 2006 

Small Business Health PlansTaking Care of Small Business Owners 
and Their Employees 
չСǵĹԱҽ⣨

Executive Summary 
? Recent increases in health care premiums have far outpaced the rate 
of inflation and the increase in employee wages. Since 2000, premiums 
for family coverage have increased by 73 percent, while inflation has 
increased by 14 percent and wages by 15 percent. 

? As a likely response to the explosive growth in health insurance 
premiums, the percentage of all employers offering health insurance to 
their employees during the last five years has dropped from 69 to just 
60 percent. 
----
? Small businesses employ nearly two-thirds of the working uninsured 
population, and so it makes the most sense for Congress to enact S. 
1955 to create a more competitive marketplace so these owners and 
their employees can secure the health care coverage they deserve. 

---
The Effects of Rising Health Care Costs 
According to the Kaiser Family Foundation and the Health Research and 
Educational Trust, premiums for employer-sponsored health insurance 
(for large and small employers) rose by 9.2 percent between spring 
2004 and spring 2005.

Mandatory spending is benefit spending required by law and includes 
employer contributions to Medicare, Social Security, and workers 
compensation. Voluntary spending includes health insurance and 
retirement health benefits. ɹ涨˹ҪԱҽƱգ
簲ݣպ͹աԸԱҽƱպҽƸ
ǿȹ

Rising Health Care Costs Especially Hurt Small Business Owners
죩ߵҽƷöСر

The situation is more dire for small business owners and their 
employees. All cost increases hit small business owners particularly 
hard, due in part to their smaller profit margins. For health care 
costs, this is compounded by the fact that it costs small business 
owners more than their counterparts in larger companies to provide 
health benefits to their employees, due to economies of scale. In 
January 2003, the federal Small Business Administrations Office of 
Advocacy reported that administrative expenses for insurers of small 
health plans account for as much as 33 to 37 percent of claims.

For large companies insurers, administrative expenses comprise only 
about 5 to 11 percent of claims. Meanwhile, according to the Small 
Business Administration, small businesses represent 99.7 percent of 
all employers in the United States and employ half of all 
private-sector employees.

Small businesses have generated between 60 and 80 percent of net new 
jobs annually over the last decade.

With small businesses having such a strong presence in the marketplace, 
it would make sense for Congress to work toward providing small 
business owners relief from this growing problem. 

The National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB), a small 
business advocacy group, reports that 27 million working people are 
uninsured, and that 63 percent of them are either self-employed or 
work for a small business.

If health care costs continue to rise, more small business owners may 
need to discontinue health benefits, and more small business employees 
may find themselves among the ranks of the uninsured.
ҽƷѼߣͻиСͣԱҽƷ

 In October 2005, the National Small Business Association (NSBA), 
another small business advocate, conducted a study of its members on 
the health care benefits they provide for their employees. The results 
were telling: 51 percent of NSBAs members reported that they are 
considering making changes to their employee health benefits plans in 
the upcoming year, and 66 percent of those members are considering 
decreasing employee benefits or increasing the employee share of 
premiums.

(XYS20060825)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

ĺϿкιϵ

/ˮ

˼ʮ겻شɺֺֹ8
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졣ǸЩϲϿȡġԤԼҡǣ
һСЦǲ˵ϿҪغˮв
ƫƫҪһشɺ

ȻĳЩɫ۾Ͽ˲ЩϿ۵Ʋ
ʹϿӽɺʵѾˮġԤԡĲ
⣬ǣЩ˷ԡϿ̬Ǿıġˣ˾Ͱѡ
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ǲ˵ϿǴĿյ𣿡˵ʵڵģǵʣЩ
ġΪνġյǸ߶׫һֲεĿ
˵

ˮ⽨ɺڴ˾޴ˮ壬ȻӰ쵽Χ¶ȱ仯
νص㣬֪ȻˮΧжů
ǿ϶ģǣϿˮˮϾֻмڣҷֲ˹
ĵڣ̫ġյЧʵνյ֮˵ֻ
һֱйϿ̱ 2002722յġ˹
һУͶϿ˹ʹյ˵һЩ˵Ͽ
Ͳ˹ҲܳΪĴյ

⣬ĿǰһֱȽʱֵ˵ΪĴһأΨһ
ڣϿ̫ƽؽˮӶĴصĸ
꣨νľͰֶۣĲõ˵ܹ֮㷺ڴ
Ϻѵõ֤ʵΪĿǰʶˮƽܴﵽȷĳһ
ֲйɵĳ̶ȡϸ˵ڶͨѧеά
⻹ܾȷ⣬ο˸ӵĵϵͳЩڿ˼
ŷŴ󾵸ϿëˣȻǲŹһûġ
ˮӽʷϣûзˮ˴ѭ׵ĸıĳ
һңҹϿȻǽȫⶥǣʵ
2003Ѿˮ磬󲿷ֵĴҲѾɡҲ˵ӵ
ʵӰ죬ӦѾˡϿӲûмĴصĽ
쿪ص2겻ش꣨ӽӦ
ģȻʱϿҰֻΧߣҪʽ
ӵ30ҡ

ȻڳϿȵشνľͰ۵ĿڴѾϰ׸ߵĴ
ӣйʲô쳣Ӱ죬ôڽѽɵĴӵĳһ
ʮףڣĸ߶Ȳ֮۴ķƺӦ
˾޴仯ȻǱϾȱԴˮɵľ
ȷֶΣŷȷнۿܻҪʵش
ľͰ۳ô仯Ӧ
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һ˵ʹĳۣҲʲôԵĻ¡
Ѿ2003Ͽĳɹ飬ֻҪ취ʵĳһִ
ĸ߶ȾˡȻܹͨʵ֤ʵһζʮ׸ߵĴ
ӻھܶԵľֲ˾޴ãǷͬСɡ
˽ϲɽըһӣӡˮֱӽҹ
׸ıɳĮִĿԣ˭Ҳܶ϶
ϿӵĽʵܹ֤ϰӰ̶ȣȷʵܹ
еĵزǾͿԷĵȥĿеˮļ
ˡ

֮⣬Ҳ˵ϿӶĸɺȾûκӰ졣
ΪϿѾһЩȥĺˮγֵĺ
ǳ񣬲ûκ֡ңϿµĳ
ҲûйܵˮӰ졣ЩҪϿ
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ʲôӡźǵϿûȫͶУûܴ
ĺˮЧ档ˣҲӦðϿ̵ķּ־޴
ʵظ߹ڡ

෴ҲӦôȡѵڽɳξжڹܵ
ͷˮ⻢ϿվѾɣܵشĸɺ϶ܵ
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ӡ󣺣1ѧ֪ʶֻһСȺˣνרң
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ǣӡֻԴǶڿѧ֪ʶĴ⡣˵ڤ
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Ǵţٵѧ˵˹Ӧţٵ۽Ϻõؽ̫
ϵ֮Ľṹ״ǹļʵʵĹ۲
ݲ̫Ǻϣѧţ۵ȷԣڴ˻Ʋ˺ǵĴڣ
Ԥɹع۲⵽˺ǡͬأѧɺǵĹ
۲֮ĲƲ⣬Ӧû塣1930
ڤǣ֮϶ΪǲеĴǣɴγɱڹ㷺ܵ
Ŵǡϵ

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Ѿʰ20057£ǳȵġ2003UB313ܸڣ
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Ҳ֪ΪγԵĴ,ʵTaniyamaShimuraǵĲ
ʱδFermat Theoremкιϵ,ʵLanglands programmһ
,Fermat theoremTaniyama-ShimuraϵFrey and Ribet
,ʱ֪֮ϵ,Wiles֤ǰ.Simons SinghFermat's 
Enigmaо,֪Ϊγ˴.

ƪΪת,˵.

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