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07.09.23, ϡڰĿƴУΥҼ
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David Kohlstedt йɸĽ۵Ŀظԡ
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Daines and Kohlstedt (1997, Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, 
10257-10271), In partially molten lherzolite deformed at 
differential stresses of 100 to 400 MPa, Bussod and Christie (1991) 
found that melt forms a network of channels along the boundaries of 
recrystallized grains that are preferentially oriented at an angles of 
30o to the compression axis, rather than wetting most grain boundaries 
as in the deformed samples described by Jin et al (1994).

Dimanov, Dresen and Wirth (Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 
9651-9664, 19981998): We found no evidence for dynamic wetting as 
suggested by Jin et al. (1994) for olivine.

David L. Kohlstedt and Mark E. Zimmerman (Annual Reviews of Earth 
and Planetary Sciences vol. 24, 41-62, 1996: Jin et al. (1994) 
refer to this microstructure (complete wetting of grain boundaries by 
melt) as a stress-induced wetting of grain boundaries but do not 
specify the mechanism by which it develops. In contrast, lherzolites 
with similar compositions to the pyrolites of Jin et al (1994) that 
were deformed at lower confining pressure but at the same displace rate, 
melt fraction, and temperatures show similar melt geometries to the 
dunites of Hirth & Kohlstedt (1995a,b) with some grain boundaries 
wetted but the majority dry (M. E.  Zimmerman, personal 
communication). 

David L. Kohlstedt and Mark E. ZimmermanAnnual Reviews of Earth 
and Planetary Sciences vol. 24, 41-62, 1996 Jin et al (1994) 
reported a very large decrease in viscosity at temperatures somewhat 
above Ts (the solidus temperature). Their experiments suggest a mantle 
viscosity of 1012 PaS, a value at least six orders of magnitude 
lower than appropriate for the asthenosphere (Stevenson 1994). . 
At present, no explanation has been proposed to account for the marked 
difference between their melt distribution and that described by other 
investigators for similar samples (e.g., Cooper & Kohlstedt 1984, 
Bussod & Christie 1991). 

ˣˡȻҶеרҵﲻ̫ҿԿ϶лʶԽ
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2007923գգ

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1: Chen F, Wu Z, Wang Q, Wu H, Zhang Y, Nie X, Jin Y.
Preparation and biological characteristics of recombinant human 
bone morphogenetic protein-2-loaded dextran-co-gelatin hydrogel 
microspheres, in vitro and in vivo studies.Pharmacology. 2005 
Nov;75(3):133-44. Epub 2005 Sep 9. PMID: 16155372 

¶
2: Chen FM, Wu ZF, Wang QT, Wu H, Zhang YJ, Nie X, Jin Y. 
Preparation of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 loaded 
dextran-based microspheres and their characteristics. Acta Pharmacol 
Sin. 2005 Sep;26(9):1093-103. PMID: 16115377

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ڼȫƽȵġ䵹ȫĮһʵ֮
ĵȼҽҩѧ֮СͼԣҪôٹˣ
󣩳ġҩвţж󣩳ԡеȷҩ
ͨգͶ󣩳ԡ͵ȷҩִٹӦóɽ亣
ζݸ׼ӦԶԲݵѧǲκΡҩ
ġҲ˵ǡݸ׼ӦóԲݡѧʹòݸ׼䵹󲻷ģ
ЩٹˣֻҪҽѧҲɶ䵹󲻷ĵġ˵
ͬļ䵹ڲݸ׼Ļ߻ѵسԿҩôٹ˾
¡ĶŵسҩҩСġɷֲγ˶
ٹ˵թҿܶЩٹкɼҩǲֵȼ
ģֵȼҩǡҩ

ӡƼձɼӱͨѶԱϼϲдġ
ҩսѡһƪõ͵Ĺдı
Ⱦ䵹ġҩʵڲȾǾһ
Щл

(XYS20070923)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.freedns.us)(xys-reader.org)

òҪϹָ

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Ľ⣬ҽԼһ¡

йո˹Ĵʵֳܾӭᳫǽ
ĳòйôù

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ߡ ᵽƶ7жƻ1βΡ2
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6жƻдģ[ǽԤƻҹǽ״
̬ˣҳơϺ͹㶫ǽʷֱ
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뼲תϵԤ⣬ۺ֪ڼĸԤ
ǽ״̬ͼۺϽĿѧ⣬ش塣]

ҽͳùĵνġǽǼǺ¼1
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Ҿ͹ھѧݡ֢״СӰ
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ҽͳǽ϶Թ˵䡰֪ʷԭ
Ҫ׷˷ë󶫺˰ЩרȺй֪ʶӵķ⽨ᱩ
ͳйǸִҽѧȺصѧƾ
ѧơ¼2ΪʱüʵķϾˣ
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ִֵķӣΪë󶫺˰Ϊǲˡľѧҽ
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ѧʵһݷǳ㷺ѧƣྫΪȫ
쳣Ĺ۲ͽ͡й˴ţӣǾѧС
ŰΪоݡʣִѧ֪ʶռԹг
κһṦܶ޷áΪһרſѧ֪
ʶעѧ;ѧͬѧҽѧѧһŻΡ
ѧԱѧƲˡѧҲҽѧ
ѧϰڣ⣬񲡵ҽҽиҩĴȨ
ѧûдȨ

򵥵أ԰ִѧƶΪ࣬עѧʵ
кܶݡһǾ񲡣ԼǾ֢Լռ񲡿ҽ
20%30%༲Լ֢ͽ֢Լռҽ
70%80%ë󶫺˰￳ĲҪǵڶ֣༲
йû༲ҽֽһĿȱʱԼ60
708030֮áΪ˵ȱָУҽ
ѧҽԺרõĿȱҿõġǽƻʱҲʶ
лĿȱ̫ˡ

1960йĴ༲˶á˼빤Ƶġ
Ϥ֢벻ɱȡ˼빤ȷȷʵʵ
ѧһֶΣʱҲЧйǸûҽ
༲⣬ƷǣйֻС˼빤һֶΣ
ִѧкܶ಻ֶͬΡرǵȷЧͻ
ҩԺеֶκͷͱɡˡ

1988꣬˿֢ҩProzac fluoxetine hydrochloride
¼3ҿ༲ƪ¡ΪProzac û
ӴԵ񾭵ѪصӶӰ쵽˵˯ߣʳɾ
ȣԣһ֤ʵ༲ǣ˵ǣ˼뷽桱
ëmental diseaseǡ塱ëphysical illnessë
˰Ϊ༲ΨĵġĹ۵ȫǴġΪ
ࡰˡ

Prozac works by increasing brain levels of serotonin, a 
neurotransmitter that is thought to influence sleep, appetite, 
aggression and mood. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that carry 
messages between nerve cells. They are secreted by one cell and picked 
up by receptor proteins on the surface of another.

ҺͳòͬˡйͶҽѧʱ͹ʮ
ü197510197711ڽʡĵѧУҽʿרҵѧϰ
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Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry3344ҳ1967һ棬1975
ڶ棬1980棬1985İ棬1989棬1995棬2000
߰档

Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry 
Books by Harold I.Kaplan,M.D. and Benjamin J.Sadock,M.D.
Published by Williams & Wilkins 
7th Edition Table of Contents
Tribute to Harold I. Kaplan, M.D.
Preface 
Contributors 
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Drugs Used in Psychiatry 
Color Plates 

Introduction 
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1 Neural Sciences
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4 Contributions of the Sociocultural Sciences
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14 Mood Disorders
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ĴҲҽͳԸҪйݡ
ʮ¡9ڣ1Ҫ2вѧ3
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ҵľѧĽѾ100ʷˡ(ѧ
Psychiatryֵһγ 1846ꡣѧ Psychiatrist ֵ
һγ1890ꡣ)ҽͻȻڼ֮ھʹ̸̸ǽ
һס֪ڼĸԤЩ˲ƭӻʲô

Ϊشжƻʳòҽ˵ǽҽѧʷ
ʲôǽϱ׼ʲôƣۺִ֢ҽѧڿ
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ٸӣɱǾ񲡿Ƶļ֢йÿɱ28ˡÿɱ3
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ɱԶԶ߳ˮƽб˵ũɱʸȺɱ
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һѣ׼ҽ׼ɾѧҺѧңȥг
ĻᣬΪһļΪӵ⣿

ҾɱӾҪߴңΪʲôöɱ
ҽǽϷֵԭǳûнܹȫ
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ɱ༲һˣҲеɱ߶༲

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ҽʦסԺҽʦͳͳҪִѧĹͬݡ򣬽һ
÷ĹҼˮƽĴƫ

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֧йľѧռ ʲôʱܻͷ
꣩

ѡ񲡹ο⡣йҽһԼҪҪΡ
1A 27-year-old medical student is finding it increasingly 
difficult to sit through lectures. Over the past six months, she has 
had repeated episodes of heart pounding, difficulty breathing, light 
headedness and tremor. During these episodes, she feels like I am 
going to die-it feels awful.  Your most likely diagnosis is 
(A) somatization disorder
(B) hypochondriasis
(C) panic disorder
(D) dissociation disorder
(E) phobia
2. A 24-year-old married man comes for marital counseling. At his 
request, the counselor gives fairly specific advice. The patient does 
not attempt to carry out certain suggestions and even seems to be 
acting directly counter to other directions of the counselor. The 
patient may be showing which of the following personality disorders?
(A) antisocial
(B) histrionic
(C) compulsive
(D) passive-aggressive
(E) schizoid

3. A 49-year-old housewife is admitted to the hospital because she 
is having a nervous breakdown. She is restless, weepy, and states 
repeatedly that she is destined for the fires of hell. All her life 
she has been a hard-working woman, caring for her family, with no 
physical or emotional illnesses. In recent months she has been 
increasingly anxious and irritable. She was hospitalized when she 
refused to go upstairs in her home, claiming that men were waiting up 
there to kill her. The most likely diagnosis is 
(A) early Alzheimers disease
(B) depression with melancholia
(C) adjustment disorder with depressed mood
(D) schizophrenia, paranoid type
(E) somatization disorder

𰸼εһƪ¡


¼1
ҽǼƶԲ ժҪ
2007-08-20   
819յ( ) ֯·һȫ
ȫʮȻϲκμ,ȴžȨ
רܽļʮǽ֢״йҽڴ˼״ġǼۡ
ΪǱѧоҪɲ֡


¼2
ë˼κþ񲡣ȫģ
ձ   1971810
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ë˼ָҽʵΪҽκþ񲡴һ·Щ
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˻ָ˽һߡеһЩˣе
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ʶ
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Ѱ𰸡ëϯ̵˵ڽ׼Уÿһ˶һĽ׼λ
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񡣲ڵˣϾƣλ˺ܿȬԺˡ

ĲУؿྫ˵òԭͷ
й˽ļҶУڡ˽ֵȦһʱ벻ɴԲ
ңʧȥ˼ά͹ȫֻಡȬ
Ҳ˵룬ԽԽ˽룬ԽԽͿ
ڡ˽֣벻ͨ켸ҹܳԷ˯
𽥲ˡĶҪսʤһҽԺҽͳݵ
ԺҽԱñ֤Ψ۵ʶʶ֮󣬶
ƾ񲡿ʲô⣬ֽ˽һ̽Ƿѧϰëϯڡ
Ǳ仯Ǳ仯ĸݣͨáΰ̵
ʶָ˷򣬾ԹҶʹ
ģ˵ۣˣҪκþ񲡣Ҫò
۵ת乤˵ĶҪսʤκþ
Ҫս޲ʤë˼롣


¼3
The making of a miracle cure? - The history of prozac. 
By Mary Bellis 

In researching the history behind Prozac I ran across something 
not found with any other invention: a sentiment expressed by several 
independent sources that went something like this, "I want to kiss the 
person who invented Prozac!" We might all depend on the light bulb more, 
but we never hear anyone talk about kissing Edison. Maybe the reason 
for the fondness for Prozac lies behind the nature of this invention. 

Prozac is the registered trademarked name for fluoxetine 
hydrochloride and the world's most widely prescribed antidepressant 
to-date, the first product in a major new class of drugs for 
depression called selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors. Prozac was 
first introduced to the US market in January 1988. It took two years 
for Prozac to gain its 'most prescribed' status. 

Prozac works by increasing brain levels of serotonin, a 
neurotransmitter that is thought to influence sleep, appetite, 
aggression and mood. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that carry 
messages between nerve cells. They are secreted by one cell and picked 
up by receptor proteins on the surface of another. Once the message 
has been delivered, a neurotransmitter is either destroyed or 
retrieved into the cell that made it. This process is known as 
re-uptake. When re-uptake is inhibited, the effect of the serotonin is 
amplified. It is not entirely known why increasing neurotransmitter 
levels will reduce the severity of a depression. It may be that 
increased levels of serotonin cause changes in the brain's 
concentration of neurotransmitter-binding receptors. This might make 
the brain physically more capable of feeling good. 

The team of inventors behind Prozac was lead by Ray Fuller. Fuller 
was posthumously awarded the Pharmaceutical Discoverer's Award from 
Narsad for discovering fluoxetine or Prozac. Also awarded were Bryan 
Molloy and David Wong, both members of the Eli Lilly Company research 
team. 

While many patients and medical personnel feel positively about 
Prozac, there are lawsuits and studies that make a case for caution. A 
list of pro and con opinions can be found among the list of resources 
provided at the end of this article, including information on 
alternative treatments for depression. 

[Prozac's known side effects include nausea, diarrhea, insomnia 
and a lowered sex drive] 

(XYS20070923)

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αѧĶҽ

Jingyi

Ӣάٿ(http://en.wikipedia.org)αѧĿ˵ľͦϸġ
оαѧΥĿѧۣвٶҽġ

ʹģ޷֤۶ϡѪ飬ı׼ʲô

ģɵ⣬ȱĲ׼ Ѫ飬׶
Ѫ

ûв̵ȷ壬˵ȡõġβ
ҽѪ

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ûʵ޶

ֶ֧ûսĳ˳ʲôҩͺˣ

֤Ժ͸ӡ(κáٶٸ֢ˣ

ĳߵ˵ĻȻ

ڷǰӱͬ顣

ṩݶʹרظȱԵı֡

ܻ֪ʶṩݺ;巽ͬ顣ط

ѧ˻Ĵˣ

(XYS20070923)

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΢Ҫ

¹


˵ǵĿ̣˸̾Ŀǰҽϵ֮ţڻߵУҽ
˲24ԪǮҩϺҽĵţҽ
ɾɾʵܺǻߣǵԼ

Ƕ²عͬõĽƤ֬ڹȡëƤм
˾ֳԷӦѡƷӦܶ²
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ڷ΢ҪСض֢Ļءùءŵ
ءҲʹûǰءǵĶȫ汬Ӧضȵģ
ҽҽ޺ùغͰӦȫйָϵġ

ҽҩӦãǹҼκμָ󶼻ͳ
ҽҩһѡ񣬿ȷһ֡Ϊҩ
ĿԲȫųڷҩеǣҲҪ󵰿
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ʽ׼ģȽϱ˵ҩӦܵ·ɰɡ
ҩûʲôЧҲӦйŵΣһҽѶҩ
ЧһѧСݲ˵Ĳ飬ϸָϣҩ˵
ȥҩһͨҽε

Ļɾ˺ܶƭӡ
ѧϰҪѧȫһ㣬ǿѧĻɣäĿĻɣ
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ο

Ϳƽ. ½չйƹʶƼƷ. лƤ
־200336(7), 421-422.
Acne, Management of (Guideline) 
www.gfmer.ch/Guidelines/Hirsutism_adrenal_gland_diseases/Acne.htm 

(XYS20070923)

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åʶ

ߣ̽ѧ


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ȷʵҲѵʡҪĻԱܳʱ䡭Ǽûһ᲻
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ʵĲֻλĸףң˵
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йͳĻ˼
2007811ڳѧԺı

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ڴͳĻȡΪкãвáⲻһ⣬Ҫ
ŵʷȥ졣йͳĻкܶõĵطǵȸ
ḻĵ伮ûκιйĵ伮һ棬йҲ
˺ܶ䱦ָƷ˼ŲһЩڻڷ
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κһйͳĻҲв㣬

תʱйڵ

ҪӴͳתͱΪִ᣻ЩҺ˳Щ
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ڶֵú׵ġ徭һܴ
塣λ̨ڵ˵С徭СѧԲҪ
׶ǿѧظ20;··ͨһ
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ΪǴġҪвػȡĻһȽɹҪ
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Ϊ֤йڲͬкЩ۵Ƕǡ

磬ӡо仰ӵӾ岻Ӹ֮Ҳ
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ƵĶܶࡣҪǿйԣҪ֤ûЩ

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