                          ˿µϣ20081217գ

08.12.17, ӡгҩࡪţƽⶾƬ
08.12.17, ¿ķ굶Ҳ̸ǷҪǫ
08.12.17, ФϿʦƽѧɹһȽ
08.12.17, ԭйѧԺֲɵ⡷
08.12.17, 硶ɵͼ¼Natureϡ
08.12.17, xszws2ƪһԣ
08.12.17, AmselӸʽǶȿԤ
08.12.17, 谷ͬڿظʣContergan
08.12.17, bangbu1996ҽ˿ĸչ׶Ρ
08.12.17, ѧţڡ봫ͳҽ
08.12.17, Ͷߺʡ差ְҵѧԺѧʵϰΪоҵ
08.12.17, ١ʱѽڵľ޷ָѧ¡
08.12.17, ֤
08.12.17, ¿ķ굶Ҳ̸֤Ƽѡ
08.12.17, ӡڸı䡶ѰǸ塷˵
08.12.17, anglorڿԸˡҿͬѧġ֪Ⱦ
08.12.17, bigcatܲĦкңȻ˵ԭ

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

                       гҩࡪţƽⶾƬ

                               ӡ

ĳɷ֡

    ˹ţơۻơʯࡢơˡ۹Ƭʲݡ

ƵĹЧ

    ȽⶾڻʢʺʹʹĿʹ

ࡿ

    ţƽⶾƬõȡгҩ֮һҽ˵ġϻǶ
֢״һͳģ˵غִܶ࣬ҽѧûжӦĳƺ
ǻϻ֢״еĿΪȱάB2µĴסڽףеĿ
ȱάCµճĤѪĿϸȾ
֢ǻסǻ񡢼ס׵ȣͬĲҪ
ͬơȱάҪάأϸȾҪʹÿ
ҩȾЧҩͨڻǲȻǱ
ĳЩ£羫ѹ󣩻ᱻٴμԡϻ𡱲ܶϸ

    ţǲţҡܡιеĽʯȻţƲϡٶ
гҩ˹ţƴ档˹ţţȶĵ֭ȡ˹
ɵġ

    ۻһֿʯ仯ѧɷΪ򻯶飬ȷֽɾ綾
飨׳˪ڷ10鼴ж100˼ۻƱ
ҲжȻԲ˪ô󣬵ҩһڷԼ10ۻƣ
ɵж[1]ںҪëָסǡκ
ٳų⣬һ̶ȣͷʹͷΡʧߡ
ݡʵ֢״ɵ¸ӲΧ񾭲Ƥ
ȡйҩ䣬ۻжΪһ50100ˣۻж5
10ţƽⶾƬÿƬƬ50ۻƣҩ涨һ46Ƭʵ
ʷۻ200300ˣйҩ涨ۻƳ36ۻж
2030

    ⣬ţƽⶾƬ鷽õʯࣨҪɷΪˮƣҲк
úʯҩı[2]ƾиζԡԵȸã
μŶսҡ[3]Ƭ[4][5]ҪɷΪԣ۹[6]
ɵ¹ӦƤҩ۹ܵķ˲[7]Ѫ[8]

    ٴйطţƽⶾƬ裩²Ӧıкܶ漰񾭡
ѭѪҺϵͳж𺦡
ݿˡƤҩͷˮסѪѪ򡢱Ѫ԰סѪС
١֧֢״[9][10][11][12]

ס

[1]Tay CH et al, Med J Australia 1975, 2:424-428
[2]ȣҩͨ198611(5):58
[3]ٻҽҩ19821:32
[4]ƽйҩ־198914(3):54
[5]Ӵ䣬ҽѧԺѧ1990, 13(2):38
[6]ҽҩо19964:53
[7]ѧҵȣҩﲻӦ־20024(3):196
[8]ִ׵ȣҽ200335(2):73
[9]ׯȣйҩ19989(6):274
[10]ȵȣйҩ־200227(4):315
[11]ȣйְҵҽѧ200330(2):7
[12]ȣйҩﾯ䣬20041(2):49

(XYS20081217)

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Ҳ̸ǷҪǫ

ߣ¿ķ굶

    ǰϿʱҪ⡱˵ǸڴɻʱҪŷɻǰ棬
ҪǰǰԼıʱǰΪڵֱ߷Уøߵ
ѧ⣻оʱҪ϶ԷɻԤ⣬ͳƷ⣻
ѧϿʱѣǶ˻صɻڵΪ
ֱ߷У򵥵ǹϵҲںڰƵʱһ
1/2+1/3ڶ٣Ȼֹһ˵Ĵǡ2/5,Ƿӷĸֱ
ӵġҿκ˽⣬ĳЩҵĸߵȽŷԮģӢʥ
ΣȻѧݾĽˣ֮£ԶǹҵѧĿѧ
Ҫõö࣬ҹѧ൱ĳЩѧ˵ǹҵĹͨ
һɫmotolora豸һͨžͲˣΪ˶ȥ
ʥˣǱĹʦ治תһ߶ȫЩ
֮ǿˡ

    ݱҹھпѧı3Ƽǹҷչĺľ
߹ڵĿѧǷǳҪĻԹշҪѧ
ߺͽʦӦƺרֿ֧ջܳ
ʱĿ·ǳټڸĿ𽥶
ȷ˸еϲ

    ۿǷҪǫ̬ȵ⣬ΪҪ
ȷ⣬һǡƷʲôӰߵģԱ
̲ߣȡͽʱ˸ĸΪҪǫ
˺øеҪ̬ȣΪԲߵĺøж˵
һСǰȥ̨ɽΣۼͨݶ1080̨
Ͽͷÿ׿һûɽѾѪˣЩŮ٣Ҳ
ںġЩŮǻЩõľٶŷ𣬵
ǱٺŷǶԷ𷨽Էŷ

    ֮ǳͬǿӮöߵģʹͨԽ
Ӳ߸еѾôˣǲţ
ԼδǸɵϡ߱ǸʲôˣǼ¸
ص顣

    ڶҪȷǡյĶЩˣѧ
ȽϲҸϿʱǷǳǫģǷǳŵģڸרҵ
ˮƽҲ̫ΪʲôҪǫҼȲΪǫ̬ܰ
ѧøãҲΪܰǸѧϰʵѧУѧ
εʦһģһĶԼĲʿ˶ʿϿȥˣҵȻ֪
кܴĲ࣬ϿʱûҪŸһʦĲ
ѧֳǫ

    ҲͬĵµĶӦǾĶġԸר
ҵȤ˽ⲻȺǸרҵרҺ̩ȻûҪ
רҺ̩ʱǫԵαˡ
ҵȻδǸѧֻ̩ҪԸȷⲢͨ׵
԰ѵ˵ǺϸģһϸĿʵǺܲ׵ģܶ
ѧ̩Ϳиϰͬнͨ׶԰Ѹ
ӵĿѧڽףһǺ˲ġ

    ׻˵ɱͱƨɣиİ취Կµ̬ȲͳһҪ
еκ˶ͷģڿϰԵ¶ǫ̬
Ҳ޿ɺǣеĿ¶ߵţһ̬ȡԿ
µۣؼǿǷʹͨ׵԰ѿѧˣ
ԼǾǽˡ

(XYS20081217)

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ϿʦƽѧɹһȽ

ߣФ

Ͽѧ񴦴ƽȲԱƭȡѧʦ¼ܵ¶
УҲܵͬУҲ˹עϿĽѧϢ
ϿҳϷµĸ£

1211գϿѧ񴦹2008ѧɹ
http://202.113.16.33/index.phpƽǣͷѧ
һȽҲǽ񴦸󣩡ֱǣ

1.ƽɧա̷ ܶѧԺĿ
21͹ѧϵн̲Ľ裻

2.ƽʿɡѫɣ񴦣Ŀá
ѧ˲ģʽ̽

򴦳һ˾ǣͷһȽֿ˵Եݡ
ݿԿϿѧѧɹѡһƬңҹݡ
κнԵĶ򴦳֮ȨԼıȡ
Ͽѧˣѧѳٵֵز򴦳֮޳ܻԶδ
ס

(XYS20081217)

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йѧԺֲɵ

ߣԭ

˾Ͱ⣬ǽðԽԽǺǡ

ʵ1980ѾȷˣNatureϵĸǵġ
мʱеͼ㲻ǿԱʹû


λվϺͻֲ϶վڹԱƽؿţֲ
ɹŴѧɹũйũԺȵλпԱƽؿţ
԰Ϊ׵ɹŲԭվ쵼øŶɹŲԭվվǺ˹
ǹʵվǰɣͬйԱڿԼĹͣ
ΪĹ͡Ц˴Ȼǿɿŵģڿʼ
ŲԭվӽվݷϣһԲ鿴ɷ
٣ءݣ˰Ǯֵ֧ģҲй
©һ⣬ϲҪۡÿݳϣ
ҿá˵ɶվϵʵ飬ⲿ
ҲҪϣôáɣҲԸվ

жʵ׵ˡ

ΪʲôɲԷţ뽪ˡѧʻ˵Ǵ
ܿġǰѪҺеϸô֪˾š

ڶλݲԿѧǸף˻󡣸ֵ
ŵݣΪʲôҪӵͰá

ߣΣٹ໤еطйԩ޵˶ĺܣ
ط

˵ݲⶨͳһģʵ1980ѾȷˡͶˡ
˵ʵ鲻ǰƵģҲġ֤ˣ
ԡ

ǿԱ24ݣţҲڶˡɱ
˶24ģֻ֪

Ȼй쵼ԲⶨݣΪʲôԼڵһߵ
λã

йԱڷܶĺܣԵһ߷кιϵйũȿ
Ա࣬ҲҪһߵ£

˰ɡڵߵڰףһ벻Ҫ
ɵ⡣ɵȦ֪ɹŲԭվˣ
ͨ洫⡣˻ûʱ䷴ӳʲôɵ⡣
ϡҷԴŻƪþ˼Ϊ˵͵ǿʲô
ǰֲǰ϶͵ǻý͡͵Ҳװ
ġΪװŵõվֲվйԱѡġ
˾һѡ

(XYS20081217)

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ɵͼ¼Nature

ߣ

ԭһλŮʿ,ظԶԡɵͼ¼Nature
ϡʵϰNatureȡA,ȴ˵
B,ΪBױNature.ʵ,̬ѧоݽͬʱоҲ
ڽ,ȡǸ.վ1979,ݵڵĲ
10,õν""ȡʵ""ȡ.Nature
дķ,,Ȼϲ.ʱ
ȽȺ䶯̬õȡ:ķҪŻݶȷ(ÿһγ
󻯷),γ֮ɱԸ,̶ȵؽ
˿ռ챾ݵӰ.ֺ÷Ǻű̬ѧ--ǹ
ڵ̬ѧ--ʶ,ɲԭվѧʶʱ2000ǰ.

Ӧ˵ڹǺŬġη֮Ƕḻ

׵Nature·ǰسʱĳоһλ
Ա˵ɷһƪNature£ĳxyzдء
ϸxyz绰ʣxyzڹأϽƪ£ָûУ
Ǻɻ󡣺ˣǰ·ǰ˽¶ͨ
ѹסˣͬʱɢҥ˵ѾNatureˣûз
Ϊ˸ġϸڿԿĻûгڻ
˸

(XYS20081217)

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2ƪһԣ

ߣxszws

ԭ˵ԵһԡײʿһЩûо
ٵһߵ¡һ飬Natureϵһƪ⣬2
ƪBai, Ecology August, Vol. 89,  No. 8 : pp. 2140-2153. Bai, Journal 
of Applied Ecology 2007 44, 1023-1034.

2ƪģ2ܡ

1 µͶǿȺܴ󣬰ײʿˣĪȨָ
ģʮֻˡҵһӿѧҵվʱ
ԺоɹŸѧȿԱ໥ذ໥ݡͷ
˽ˡɰɹŸѧпԺȵĿԱżߣɹ
ԭվ˰׼¡

2 ˵лǮˡ1ƪ£5֧֣
еġ˰˵ǮˬˬˬײʿĹǾ
Ч˫աƵо˵ʵϣ³

(XYS20081217)

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ӸʽǶȿԤ

ߣAmsel

Ԥ鱨ʡ©

νԤһЩϷЩڻϡͳ
޹صԤйԤŶԸ֡Ԥȡ
̬ȣ緽˵ֵǵԤ⻹Ǹ⣬
Ҫָ̽αѧҲݡЩԤ
Ϊκ޼ֵҴûб֤ЧøʵĻҪ
ǣͳƶ¼ͣ£Ȼ
У£УУ£У£
µķıĸʣ֮Ȼ

Ծ͵ĵԤ˵һǱʦѧӾƽڵ
оСӦо𡱵ġɹȷzeroyearѾ֤
ǵĴκһֶСɹ쳣͵Ƿ
޹أעˣַж
Уɹ쳣𣩣100%Ǻǣ
Ҳ©Ϊ0
Уɹ쳣|겻𣩣Уɹ쳣겻


ˣַ𣨿ȫʹʽͱҶ˹ʽƳ
Уɹ쳣У𣩣
鱨Ϊ
У겻ɹ쳣У겻

Ԥζ궼Ԥе©Ϊ鱨ڲ
ıʣ޽͡ǡԤһּй
ĵԤƭӺˣԤġȫ൱
ÿÿʱζԤ©Ϊ鱨ʵڲı
ʣЩԤڷ塣

ڶáĴ󳱡𡣴ݵͳƱ
ʱ³޹أķֲһηֲע
ǺܶˣһЩڡоԱȻĴ
ԤͬĸʸͿ˵ַΪЧ

Ĵ󳱴ÿ15췢һΣÿǰ춼ĴڣĴ
ĸPĴ󳱣0.2ͳƱ³ڵķ
һηֲעж
УĴ󳱣𣩣 УĴ󳱣0.2
©
УĴ󳱣𣩣УĴ󳱣𣩣0.8

УĴ󳱣𣩣УĴ󳱣0.8

Ĵʱĸ
УĴ󳱣У

鱨ȻP𣩡

˵ĴԤ𣬲ή鱨ʣп
©ʡʵʵǣָݡĴ󳱡ģ£ǿ
Ԥһ鱨©ˣ£յǿ

Ҳ൱ĳġԤߡÿ˻ÿ
Ԥ󲿷ֶ鱨鱨ϵڲıʣ
ԤɹĸʣУԤҲǵıʣУ𣩡
νɹԤӣ˺ܶԣǷڱʣУ
ȽϸߵԤΧ󣬱ڵ߷Ⱥ֮еĳε
ǴɹԤĳεʱ򣬲ἰÿ˵©ʣ
ƻԵǶûԤϣǲõԽ
űࣩ֮©ԽߡЩꡰܹԤ
ˣѾʵ֤˶ԤԤס

һЩ߻ԱһĽܻеζǱĵĶ
ЩȻԵԤеȴԸԵĿԱйԤ
꣬ƺܶµԤоԱĸͳƳʶ
Ľ̸ǰϡѧƲҲһ

ע
zeroyearڿɹȷĴо
ڷڿɹȷĴоĲ䡱
Cochran, E.S. and J.E. Vidale, Comment on: Tidal 
synchronicity of the 26 December 2004 Sumatran earthquake and its 
aftershocks by R.G.M. Crockett et al., GRL, 34, L04302, 
doi:10.1029/2006GL028639, 2007.

(XYS20081217)

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谷ͬڿظʣContergan

ߣ

˿Ͽ˹ţĴƾٶ¡ᵽһ
ҵ¹ҩзӦҩ￵ظʣConterganºķԼҩ
һ˵ľӡţǶ谷ɵĶ
ͯʩоԶ¹ҩ

Ϊ߶ţǵʵΪţ١ظ¼谷¼
ĸͬǰ߳ҩʧʧоλ
ԭҵթظлзӦã
谷Ʒȫܾƭߣøںϳɵʵ
谷ð䵰׺ţƾľ谷𺦽Ķͯ
ͬð֮ʲʧʧһ

Ƕ谷¼ַص㲻Ӧ谷жԼ
谷¹жϡһͷβҵթǷ
ҵթΪö֮ҵǱְܲŵʧְ

(XYS20081217)

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ҽ˿ĸչ׶

ߣbangbu1996

ϵģһƪйԵķչ׶Ρһ£
ĸ׶أǺǣ

һ׶Ρȫä׶ΣΪл֮Էܵȫҽ
ҽطŲɣΪҽ޷ԽΪȵ٢پʱ
ȹŴҽҽȫʵڵģΪڽҽִҽѧλƽ
һΣŷνҽȡΪҽ۲ޱȣȺ
ѧĵ˺һǲͬѧĶѧ

ڶ׶Ρä׶ΣΪڵҽȻʵƭӶ࣬
ŴνҽֻҪôʧˣҪôɽǵ
̫ԸֶѡȻеѨλǿ͹۴ڵģ
ִֻѧ֤ˡ

׶Ρä׶Σҽǲ̫ףҩȷʵЧģ
ҸñҩСĳЩҽƣҽϣ
زҽԲҩ޷ġ

Ľ׶Ρä׶Σʶȫҽ۶ǽԭʼ˼
Ļϣ˼룬ȱʵ߼п֤αԣ
ִѧ岻ݣһһֹŴġѧѿ
ҽǿѧĻĶѵ֪ȫҽ
ҩ˼أЧԺͰȫԸûбϸ
ѧо֤ʵκһּû֤ݱҽִҽѧơ 
http://blog.sina.com.cn/bangbu1996 

(XYS20081217)

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ţڡ봫ͳҽ

ߣѧ

޼ͳҽŴţڡҲ

գҳξӹسǣͳ֮ϣżţڡǻ
ɬšʴ°ߵӣоȷǹŴһ
ڵǷǳıУһţڵѾѿ
һƤ¶Թ⻬ڲ㣻ɴˣ˴볤
ǡ㽭ʡٺеġϳǡ涼ţڣеĻų
Ӣݼ̹ùıţôʹãȴӡۡź
šڿڴҩѹʵٴڿȥһ߼Բ
ʯͷڵ˿ʱȼţҩըը
ͲʯͷͲ³ǣ嵽˵ӪУ嵽ʿܼĵ


ӱĶĹе֪ţڹŴսеôԼ֣1
ɽǱ죬һġ족ġ
ڳ֮ǰʿ2¡¡ġڡ롰ġ
ȾսգսɱŨͬʱ
ˣȾսգʹˡšɥ3ľʯɽ㽫
ľʯţڴʯͷӸ߸ߵ
ϴҪȡľʯҪϣǻˣҲ
ֻɢӣ4ˡͬӹţڣͳ
ۼ֮УһЩصʯͷͻȻ䵽ʿܼ
ĵӪУһһЩ˵ġǲǿ԰ѵҳճ࣬Ҳδ
֪ԣţڵȻеġܴġ

ʹţҲ鷳һһڣװڶڵĻ
ҩʯͷͲȴ֮У͵ʱ䡣ڶʯͷ̲
ԶֻܶԼʮڵĵЩԶı㹻ˡȥ
ʯͷֻСûбըǣţڵսͺ
ޣֻǱȵʹô󵶳ìһֶΣԾ͵Ƚ

ǣԿ϶ŴĳӼʹһȺţڣսãȲ
ִһ̨ǹȲһ񵯣Ȳ˷ɻ̹˳Ȼ
ԭӵⵯǣڹȥ˵ִΪǹ
ڡִҽѧΪҽһ

ѻƬս˼纣սˡ
ЩսԭȻܶ࣬ûִƾĴ󵶳ìţ
սȻеһԭ򡣲̫ƽӾ
ȭšաǹȵ֯ͼʹţ
֮ڵǹľ֮£ǹʵˡһս
أǧĶŮֵͬܣҵصѪ
˵˵ǹ棬ʿһõţڣεر˻ں
۾ŵҲΪţڵΪͬ¹ٻں
ᡣǣ˺˶ˡ塱Ӯ˿ս
ʤ

սǣ˵Ƚ⣬Ҳǿգһվܿ˵
ʤҽڣҲҽйΪй˵Ľ˶ٹף
ҽҩܱġ

սҽҽҲӦһǣȽȽţڣ
Ѿ˳ִսڳǵξϣ˹ͺζûж
ҽҩҽҩдˡֻܷϧı
ûãҽִҽѧı֮£ʤ̭Ȼлˡ

ǻصӹذɣǲιţڵʱ򣬾ȻҲһλİ
̾̾͡ʲôŶڣԭȷģйĻ
ҽһ

ν֪η֪޼ɣ

˵ҽţڡ

ҲᡰҽѾɱҽĻ⡣˵λʶοͶţ
ܵĿ̾;йʷϣǧѳͬǵѪƺˡ
ǣͱ峯˳Ϊڲʮҽʮ˾š
²桷ԣҽЧʵڵ˶
ҽЧڣΪʲôȻͳ˲أԱͦҽ
˴󳪾ҽ޸裬˺ű˽ɻɣ
ִҽѧѧķչִҽѧĿ͹Чҽѧλ˼ά
ңΪȻҪ⽨ţоҽųѧǵţ
ڿôģ֣ĪҪɻ̹
ȽĺѾӹغϳеţڰУ
ĪǻҪ䣬һǹġ湦򡱣Ȼ
ͼô󵶳ìѵ˸ϳţ

һ֮·

ΪʲôҪͦҽΪʲôҪ⽨ŵĶ
ųȽѧ͹£ִҽѧѧռҽ˵Ľ죬
ЩӲҪţһҽǼţڣΪʲô
ųѧз⽨ŵ磬в֪ҪζáִѳΪ
ʱҽѧΪʲôʽӹأ÷⽨ϴȺԽ
Ǯƣ޺սѵͿԳξð𣿷

˵ţںҽϾ£ɻΪһ̸˵ӡӺ
ű񡢽˼ά߼˵ҽʶͶţڵʶһģ
ڷĵ˸塣ͦҽǵ˸ţתʷͻʹ
⽨˼Ϊţ׷׳ͻҽ
ˮռ֡ǩȵȷ⽨ŵ˼άʽռƸߵ㣬Ϊū
˼ѻƬй»صӵķ⽨Ȩʱһ
ͬ

ǣ޸ܷ21СͳҽҩĸΪʲôôѣ
й˼ȻԶʵӢݼ̹ùţڣΪʲôͲܶ
õҽȵ٢ġһһѲݡȻͦ⽨ҽī
ġ·αҪĸ￪ţȻWTOΪξܾҽѧ
ӹ죿ʱӺ̸𣿡ѧչۡԽгᡱ
гٰ˳ܡĪ˵ģ

ҽˣڵνҽʵ϶ǡҽ
ҽЩνҽԺ뿪ҽ豸ͼһҲ첻ȥ
ǣ׫˵ִҽҽǣҽȴһЩͳҽѧ
СҩעӪһٵġҽ١ʵ
ͷļرǡҩơҽϡƳһЩעг
ҩѾ˲˾޴𺦡߶Դȴ޶ã
ͦҽңƾӢҽƺŤתͦ֡
⽨ġСֲȡĸԣȻá

ţ߲ƾŹе֪Լȷʹܹһ
λھܾҽҩϵƭҲһ㹦¡룬
оϵӵЩٵҽҩôĳսʱͿܻ
оŷɻڣӵţ󵶳ì
֡һġȻĻҽܷβţܷУ
ʲôĺͳ˵Ƕ⡱

һӵйˣִŵҽǣǲԸ
֡⡱ġ

(XYS20081217)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

Ͷߺʡ差ְҵѧԺѧʵϰΪоҵ

𾴵, У:

!

ǹУһ꼶ѧļҳ, Ϊ差ְҵѧԺĵ
ȡõĿٷչο. , Уйؽѧ
ʮ, ش, 鴦.

ҼҵĺΪУ꼶רҵѧ, ѧУѧϰƻӦ
涨Ŀγ̺ѧڿʼʵϰ.  , ѧڲһ, ѧУҪѧ
ϵʵϰУҵ, ҼҺӲòʼһҲλ, ѧ
רҵòɵͶ. Ǳҵ. 

˽, ѧУѧʵϰûоĹ滮, Ϊѧϵʵϰ, 
ûжʵϰλ, ʵϰ, ʵϰָ, ʵϰϸҪ, νѧʵϰ
ȫѧоҵ, ȲѧУʵϰҪҹҲûнʦָ, ѧѧ
רҵְҵѵ. 

ѧʵϰְҵһҪ.  ͨмƻϵͳĽѧʵϰ, 
ѧоĽʦͼԱľָѧϰҵרż
, Ϊҵóֵ׼.  , 差ְҵѧԺѧʵϰĲΪ, 
ѾѧʵϰΪѧоҵ, ⲻΥְҵĿγ̱׼ͽ
ѧ淶, ѧĽȨ, ӵ. 

ѧУ쵼ԲȡЧʩ, ѧ
Ȩ, 差ְҵѧԺ.

,

һѧҳ

: 

йߵȽ˾

ʡ 

差ְҵѧԺ 

(XYS20081217)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

ʱѽڵľ޷ָѧ
Ҷԡ<Ȼ֤>ָѧо𡱵Ŀ(֮)

ߣ

ļҪع˰˹̹ţپʱչ,µ,˵
Խϰʱ,ֻвΪشµĵ.
*                        *                        *                
        *                        *
ɭѡ<Ȼ֤>ָȻѧо(XYS20081130)һ,
ҹ,˹<Ȼ֤>(ָ)ѧ̨,رǸĸ￪
ʮΪƴѧо޿εʵЧ,ʱ
ı.ɲƾն,ʮŵȻѧ¼
ɵһ.ɴ,ֵ֧ĻǷԵ,
.

<շѧָѧо>(XYS20081105)һж
ɰڳԼĹ۵:<Ȼ֤>ܽɹڿշ,޷ָ
Ȼѧо.вԷŷεķΪ,˵ֻĶ,ڳ
ƴͳ,Լֲи̽,ָܳԵĽչ.ŷ
߼ͻƵ,ǿѧչ.ʷشĿѧ
Ϊ˲Խì,ֻ?ʵ
˲Խìʱ,Ҳ,ûͬͳ,ֻڡ
̾,ڶԸ,µĳɾ޳ͷ֮!ϸͳ˹̹ţٵ
Կռ,ʱ-ڶ()ֵ̱
ǳ.ʹǳҪĻع,ҲͼʱȥԶľָ
ȻѧչԸ.ڴԸдһ,ΪԱ<շѧ
ָѧо>һĵĲ.

һѧƵе۳µìܶ޷ʱ,ͻشĴ,
(1). ܽ()ԭܽ()е;(2). 
ܽ()Ѿֵԭ޷; (3). Ԥ
ԭ޷Ԥ.ЩǴֳɾҵ.ϸͳ,
ţ۳־޴,˹̹()̾
һ.

17Ҷţٴ,΢㷨֤շ
ֵ˶,ʷΰĳɹ,
η,Ϊ,ΪĿҲӰ:
Ӻζ?κΪͬǵ˻,ͬ
ļƽɷȡ?ţʼ޷ش.20ͳ,ļҷ̫
ˮǵչ,ȴ翪-ţٵĵһ˵԰,
Ƿ,ʹܵһ,Ӧüֵ,
ϵ,ϵһҹȫ. һҪµѧ˵
ʱ.

Դ,¹İ˹̹ȫͬĿ.ӹϣ
ŷµ17͵ţٰռ俴һеĿռ,ֻ,
˶ŵĹ۵,Ϊռ,ʱ,ʻ,һάʱt
ͬάռx-y-z,ɵάʱ-,(άռ)Ϊ
(ŷռ),κʵռաСԭһɳ
ʼ(λ,)µ·(ռĲ--Geodesic Line).
̫ӰµյĹ,Ӧάʱ-յһ,,
ļٶǡࡱ.

˹̹ʱ-չ,޷κѧ,˼ҵõ֧,ǿǰ󵨵.
Ȼٺõ¹,ܽ⿪ţì,Ҫѧ
֤,ȻֻǸ߶ǰѧ̽.

˹̹:κɵĳͬ۲ߴں˶״̬޹(
Ƶ).дɼ,ںάʱ-,(
̵ĳ)ݶӦǼ(Geometric Object),ͬѡȡ޹.
Ȼռġ(ռʲ),˶,ͬ
ѡȡ޹(ͬ۲״̬޹).˹̹Ҫһϵչ
ѧֶ,΢ʮ߷,Ҳûֳɵѧɹʹ,ţ
ٵ봴µļ㷽(΢).

˵:˹̹ţͷ΢ֵ㷨,ʵ
γɺķŷʱ-ոǰ,ά(ά)Ķռ--
,¹ѧһ(֮Ϊ),
ʵάĸ˹ʵƹ,ѧ(Ricci)
ά-΢(Levi-Civita)ʼ,һΪ΢
ּ(Absolute Differential Calculus)ķ,ڹʵĺ,
˹̹Ҫ.˹̹(˹)İ,Ϥ׼
ʽ(ҲиĽ),дռ˶(ƹ۵ĳ).
˶,̵Ľչƾţٵ
,˰˹̹άʱ-չţٵõյĹ
ΪĽƽ,ҿ޷͵ˮչյ,
Ϊ,û,ɸ.

ܶȷֲ,˹̵̹Ľ,ĳЩ
ͨĳһ,:Ǽйĳֲ,
ֱһ,Ҳ,˹̹ɴԤ䡱ڶĴ,
ţû뵽,Ĺ۲֤ʵ.,˹̹۵
ʱڶ,ܹ()ţܽ();
ܽ()ţ޷;Ԥţ޷Ԥ,ﵽ
ȫĳɹ.

˼:˹̹ʱ-˵ĿռʵʵڵǱ
,ѧҸ˹Ȼ,Ҳҳϵķŷռ.˭뵽治
ĹﾹΧ޴ڵʵ.

˹̹ռ۵ĳɹ,һ˵,ƾìܽµ,
ָԭ۵Ŀʵ.ʵϰ˹̹,ţٵ<Ȼѧ
ѧԭ>һѾѧٶ,֮,ױ,˹̹
ļƻܴӸҵ֧,辶,,ɺΰҵ.

Ҳ˹̹,ֻŬѧ˵Ʒ:ƶ˼,
ηĴ,Щܴӡԭ,ʷ. 
˹̹ڴͳǰа,ԥ,ڵĿѧͲ.

˹̹ĳɹ,ǿѧչһ澵:ѧ²ԭо
ѧ,ܹ涨ĳֶ˼ά.

й:һꡣлġ
ҲǹĲ߶(<>ƻʵʩʮ
). ѵ̵Ƿչѧ˼ά߹·.

йӸĸ￪,ȫԵġйȻ֤оᡱ,ȫ31
ʡ30ʡҲӦȻ֤оᡱ,ȷ--˼
ѧΪָ̽ȻͿƼչձɡ(йȻ֤оᡱ
վļ),ͨƴѧڶ˹Ķʼ<Ȼ֤
>(ָ)ָѧ.ŵ˵,йӵȫ繫ϵġģ,
ˮƽ,ḻȻ֤оͽѧ.ڽʮ,
ΪһһĴѧ<Ȼ֤>Ҳʮ,ȴʮŵ
Ϊ.ļ¼ǰ,Ϊѧ˼άָ,˹дһٶ
ǰǲʼ--<Ȼ֤>,ͬǰʱǷеѽ?ָܷռ
˿ڽķ֮һĴĿѧ·չ?Ѿѧǰ,Ӧ
˼.

(XYS20081217)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

֤

ߣ

֪޵Ŀռ޷ָҲ޷ָ޵Ŀռ
޷ָҲ޷ָ֥ŵΪ޵Ŀռֻ޷ָ޵Ŀռֻ
޷ָνġ֤ۡ˵޺һìܡһ
¿໥ת

ϸչռġСġ1ռġɷָԡ
ġ2ޡ͡ޡǡ12ġȡֵ
1͡2ġȡֵ֮ʲôϵûйϵҲ
ͬϵҲ෴ϵ......

ռķָԿ£һ9ֻ֡ǡ޷ָ޷
ʡˡָܷ

a޵Ŀռ޷ָҲ޷ָ޵Ŀռ޷ָ
Ҳ޷ָûйϵʵˣ
b޵Ŀռֻ޷ָ޵Ŀռֻ޷ָͬϵ
֥ŵĹ۵㣩
c޵Ŀռֻ޷ָ޵Ŀռֻ޷ָ෴ϵ
d޵Ŀռֻ޷ָ޵ĿռҲֻ޷ָпռֻ
޷ָ
e޵Ŀռֻ޷ָ޵ĿռҲֻ޷ָпռֻ
޷ָ
f޵Ŀռֻ޷ָ޵Ŀռ޷ָҲ޷ָ
޿ռֻ޷ָ
g޵Ŀռֻ޷ָ޵Ŀռ޷ָҲ޷ָ
޿ռֻ޷ָ
h޵Ŀռ޷ָҲ޷ָ޵Ŀռֻ޷ָ
޿ռֻ޷ָ
i޵Ŀռ޷ָҲ޷ָ޵Ŀռֻ޷ָ
޿ռֻ޷ָ

ǰ˵Ĺ£һǵðɡһָͷʲ
ôҪǶˣǴһҪǶ񣬾ʹһ
ϣҪ񣬾ʹֻܿһҪǿʹһ
й¶

һѧҲ֪ռķָǴaiеһȥ֤
ɡ۾дʣ޺һìܡһ
¿໥ת......ѧ׷ʵһʲô໥ת
ôתһָͷһһй¶
оɹһһˣɹȻº
Ĺ£Ҷ֪ǾΪaԴ
Ͷأ˿ϲΪɱ绤ʵacfhʱ
ɿ˵ռָǷһ໥תˣ b
degiʱ,ɿ˵ռָûзһû໥ת


˵򵥵ģꡱ͡ꡱһìܣһ¿໥
ת֪ʲôת𣿡ˡ͡ˡһìܣһ
¿໥ת֪ʲôת𣿿ֻС֤ɺ
ưɡ֪

(XYS20081217)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

Ҳ̸֤Ƽ

ߣ¿ķ굶

    Ƽ£֤ǴģΪǲ֪޵ʲô
Ρѧʽֻü֤͵LN2

    PCHUѴˣʵԼ1-1/2+1/3-1/4+1/5-1/6......
Ľע⣬ǾŶ
κźʹΪָɢ
ļźֵŻ᲻䡣

    ˳㣬ֵȷΪln2,
ֵٸӣ趨һ3.7ԭеֳУ
{1 +1/3 +1/5 +1/7......}͸{-1/2 -1/4 -1/6......}
ͷֱ3.7ٴӸпͷ-1/2ʼֱС3.7
Ȼٴеʣʼֱ3.7ѭͻ
3.7ӸǣµһЩѧѾʶ
Щǲġ

    Ƽ£Ҳòٴ˵κһСѧABADAָ
ȫ׷ڹģ⵱ȻǴģ

    óʶѧжϣȷǳ򵥡ǣѧһ
׵ۼѧӦУǡعս

    Ƽ£۷ȷʵǲʵڵģΪܽκξ
⣬Ҳ֥ܽŵֻۣһȷӳ͹ڷʽһ˼ά
ʽ

    ۷ȷܽκξ⣬Ҳȷһ˼άʽܳ
֮Ϊȷ˼άʽΪơȷضҪ׼֮Ϊȷ
ݵı׼ʲôأ

    Ϊȷӳ͹ڷʽκһڽҲ
ƣÿڽ̶һ׶Կ͹ڷʽĽҲԲ˵
ÿڽ̶ᶨͽ

    Ϊѧʵ֤ʵˣǾӦڡ͹ۡ߼ʵ֤ظ
顱ĿѧԱ֤֤Ƿ֤ܹԼ
ķʽѧ϶ǶԵġ

    Ƽ£֢Ĵڣĸϸã
Ķ̬ƽⱻƣӶ˵ĸȾ

    ֢ĴڣȻһЩϸãǸԭƵ
Ķ̬ƽⱻơֻһζϵ˵ǣǰ֤Ĺ۵Կѧ
۵һָᣬòȷʵ;ͬ÷̵ġӦ
͡

    Ƽ£Ϊ֤Ҳͬп֤αԣֻҪָһ
Ϳ֤۷ԭǴġ

    ԡ֤αԡ˽⣬˵ĳƵ÷Χڣ
пܱ֤Ǵġ֤֡ѭĹҲҪóʱ
ѭĹһ¡ѧǾп֤αԵģѧǿɴģΪ
ѧǿɴģǿɿġͨ⣬һѧ۵Ŀ֤α
ԽǿѧԡɿԾԽǿ

    ԼۣΪϵдں˶һֻ
ȫƵģҵ˼ͶԻҲȫƵġ޷
Ǽƴ֤ۡα

    ֤ϵȻȡƴۡӵĶ࣬ڿ֤αԷ棬֤
ȴ롰ƴۡһ޷֤αģνɼڵ
۵֧֮£Բ˵ģԶȷģȷҲֻ
ʽȷǸʽȷǰһõȷ

(XYS20081217)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys3.dxiong.com)(www.xysforum.org)(xys2.dropin.org)

             ڸı䡶ѰǸ塷˵

                          ӡ

ѰǸ塷(XYS20081213)һԭΪѰ
ѰƪʵдġӦߵҪ:-)ĵ
ΪѰŰ⽫˿վϱΨһһƪ
Ѱ¡

⣬ȻյһƪѰ壬һǼϤѰǰ
µдģҵľһͷԭǴѰڵġ
ġIowaѧҽԺķйŻ䷢ġĲ迯ǡ

յһҪΪš611ǩߵţһò
ĻԳڹĳ˳ҲһͷҲǴӡġ
IowaѧҽԺķйŻ䷢ġǩ롣

Լǲ̫˵Ϸ绯˸ϰĵ֢״άĿɿ
Ȼ岻ߣйϷ绯˸Ľȴǳʵ:-)һ£

Ϸ绯˸Υ˸Υһ֣߳Եò졢ȣǿ
ҵʶ͸˱ǸжŵУ׷йٴ̼ϲ
ΪעġšŰϷ˸ļص㡣
ʽǹͨΪϷ˸߶ʵ顣
˵ͬͱ֤ȴŪвˡ

(XYS20081217)

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ڿԸˡҿͬѧġ֪Ⱦ

ߣanglor

˵һ޳ûеߵġҾ
ϣӦ¡

ôͷ˵𣬼򵥵˵Ѱ˿һ
ߵڰƫ빫壬һЩѵĲ⵽
˵䳰ȷɵѰãǷYUSHݵܹ
ԸĹţһָͨ𡣱˿߹עĶ
ߴʱط֣Ѱڵ˿һҹ֮
һӪ˺Ѱ˵ΪܵԽԽѵ
Ϊŵǩ֮һҵȻҲͷҵһ˿
ѰʼδģƪѰ׷
ΪѰʵӡġЪ˹ѰͬѧһģȻ
һЩıҵĹߡ

ְҵص㣬ϲʲô뷨ƽֱķʽ
塣ֵԣǲмĶĵģ
ѡһ·ˡ˵Դȥ˼άҲòΪ
ѰʵΪʹⷽӡĽۡѰͷһƨ̵
ͱ̱ʧȥӦеߣȥԿҽﱨ
ǰʼ¡

˿Цǣ֤ʹⷽʱ϶anglorʵڸ
ǹѰʱǾҧangloráƨ
ɾԴļֵж̱߼ڡɱķʦһ¶š
Ѱҵ˼άһޣѰڿ̫ʦʱʦĹ۵
ݣʦʱ̫ʦţѰ̱߼ɼһ
ߡ

˿Ķߣƪۡ
ʱˡɫ֢飬ùѳ
Ĳ״ıûеóѲΪѵȻ
ߣӱʮδշģƣ

һתۣ͹һ¡ųѰ֮ڼſڵ֮󣬷
ӡţաţ̵ܲܺȣ гҩ
άCƬ һдʮƪĿ¡֮£
Ѱ˳˸ĺաޱ߼ʵ֮⣬ƺ
κνıȴһı

ʱϵҲòձʡ˵һ䣺ͬѧϲ㣬㸴
ɹˣ

(XYS20081217)

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ܲĦкңȻ˵ԭ

ߣbigcat

߸˵Ĳͣеǲٸ£еǿܵྯ棨
ɢˣеֻ˵ӢģĦкңѧͲڵУ
ºƵҲûʲôС

ǱõԭֻΪܲͷŽɫ˳̨Ϸ
ַ֧ӣ߳ŭңȻͷӹ۵㲻ȫͬ
ַ֧ӵġ

ƲǺܱ뺷ôҲѣ治Ҫ

ɢ˺Ͷô˼Ҫõóɡ

ʵʵ˵ܵѹ˵ϲЦҪõѵ
һ˵ǸСˡ

ҳϳ˾λţߵĲ

ţҳϳ˾λţߵĲͣЩΪԼ
֪ͨǲٸˣЩΪһʱᣨ˵
ӹС˵ͣ˼֮дǧǧᡢҴ̫Ҵҡ
ɢϦ... ...ЩΪƻظĵĲ̫ˣ
еΪĶдʦ^_^ 

(XYS20081217)

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