                 ˿µϣ20211220գ

21.12.16-19ûи
21.12.20, ӡҽƱƶȶԱȡ
21.12.20, ӡ¹Чҩ𣿡
21.12.20, Ƶӿգڰֱܿ·
21.12.20, ƵʱȹƱ»ᣬйս߳ŭڲ
21.12.20, ƵʱһǲӦ˭У
21.12.20, Ƶʱûɣû
21.12.20, ƵʱйȻҪȨҪ¶
21.12.20, ҽ³ȫı塷
21.12.20, ʦѧСشѧΪ
21.12.20, عȻѧίԱСؿв˰ţдпԺԺʿĵڶʼ
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21.12.20, ɡйѹ˶о
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21.12.20, ݵǡᡱ
21.12.20, غϼ3982021.11.11-20

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                 ҽƱƶȶԱ

                    ӡ

14ȫ濻ð˻ˮھܲɷʱ˵˵
һֲºˣǮβˡ쵼Ͽȥ̽ȫ濵
үү˵Ҫȫ濷ģһүүȫơд
һƪ˵һϲ硣ʵǺܿɱģȫ磬й
ǿ𲡵ģȥһ˻ھܹıˡ

ֻй˿𲡣ʹ뻹ƽʱȥйˣ
һ˴ҲᱻҵǾڳ󲿷ֶΪ
֧߰ҽƷѡһСۺǰˣЩ˵ҽ
ϵͳôõģйҽϵͳٰʮҽƷ
ɲֻϳϴļ衣

ڷǼġЩ߸ң籱ŷŷ
ôձʵеľȫҽҽƵķˣ˲óǮ
ֻٵǮҲͲ˿𲡵⡣

ҽƱƶڷģҲ˿
⣬ΪȺҽƷҲˡһҽ
ĿMedicaidרŸȺͲмȺġġˡ
й̫һйġƶЩƶ˿ڡȺ
Ҳзг밴йı׼ܹ͡Medicaidż
ƶߵ133%Ǹݼͥ˿ڶġǵ
17000Ԫһ˾ϼӣĿ֮Ҵ35000Ԫ
ʵҲͣ벻ż˲óκεǮͿ
ҽƣ˴Լķ֮һ˿ڡɻݻһ
ҽżǸˡMedicaidڼݽMedi-CalԼ֮
һݾһδˣҽƷȫе

˿ܻ˵᲻ΪˣҽͲúõؿúõ
ҩ⡣ΨһǣЩҽԺҽMedicaid
ܶҽԺҽǽܵġܣôһͬʣಡ˸
Ĳ˶˵ͲˡΪҽԺҽЩֱҪǮģ
ǿԺҪǮģԾûҪʡǮ

Ƚϸߵġ133%ߵôأЩ65ϣ
һҽĿMedicareMedicareMedicaidһҪ
ҽѣ࣬һҪ100ԪңҽƷҪԸ20%
80%һЩ˿ñȽϰ󣬾ԸȻֻ20%Ҳ̫ˣô
һգԸĲҲˡ65µġֲǵȺ
ܲȫѵMedicaidҲܲ˵ͼ۵MedicareҪҽ˾
ҽɹͳһΪԱԼǮȥ

ҽйҽкܴͬȣйҽԸֱȽϸߣ
ҽԸֱȽ٣ԸٿѡıѵĸߵͣѱȽϵͣԸ
־ͱȽϸߣѱȽϸߣԸ־ͷǳ͡ңйҽҽ
Ƿⶥģҽһĳ̶ȲˣǲֱԼҽ
Сõģ󲡻ûˡΪʲôôƽʱ
벻һ󲡶ҪҵҪȥļ衣ǷԸַⶥ
ÿԸָһĳ̶ȾͲٸˣĲȫҽ˾ˣ
ͲΪ˴󲡸ҵ

ҽƷøȷǱȽأһЩ˻øһֳ
˵˵ÿмʮϰΪҽƷƲˡ
ʵǿʡôƲʱҽƷҲнȥҪ
Щ˴󲿷ֲΪҽƷѶƲģΪԭ
˵ΪͶʧƲԺƲʱͰҽƷҲнȥΪ
׵õԺ֧֣øǮˡΪҽƷƲֻռ
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ȻȽ٣ΪҽƷѶƲΪʲôأм
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ҽְҵߣԼС⣬ñ̫ˣһ
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һһ󲡣ҪԸһǾòˣֻƲһ
ǱҽҽϵͳҽԺҽòϡ
ҽԺҪԼѡһҽϵͳȫҽв
ˣƼרҽЩҽǿԹܵġǣһЩ
£Լȥ˲ҽϵͳҽҽͲˣҪԸ
ÿܾͺܸߡ

йҽԺĹһֽǮһֿȽǮٿסԺҪȽѺ
ȶҪȽǮ³ϺһӰʦȥ̲գಡ͵
ҽԺҽԺҽԺҪȽǮȣһòôǮ
Ͽݡѽ裬ͨ΢תǮȰǮѾʱ
ˡͱϣҽԺȻ˼Ϻȥߵ
磬˵˵ǼٵġʵҶ֪¿϶ģй
ҽԺȽǮȡ

Ͳȿټ˵յ˵Ժ÷
̫߸𣬻ԸҽԺҽԺһһЩ⡣ԺǸ
𣬿ƲƲʵҲһôµ¡йûи
ĸ˵ˣһʵϻҪծģ
ֻԺϢƲ򷨹˵Լȷծ
ٿоøֻڼ֮ûӰ죬벻˴

ڷҵҽƱϵͳģҽƸȽأ
ҪԭҽѱȽϸߣԽԽߡڱȽϴĹ˾˾ҽ
ѰˣΪһ֣ǾͲ⡣ǣԼȥҽ
þͺܸߡʮǰҽһҽҲͼԪһ
ҽѾҪ١ǧԪԺܶͥ˵ǱȽϴһʸ
ΪʲôһЩԸҽ°ҽͼ⡣ȵ
ҪߣֲǺܸߣƫ룬ⲿѣ
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⣬ԸȻռıСзⶥǶԺܶͥ˵
ÿ궼ȥҪôǮҲһȽϴĸУҩ
ҲǱȽϹġЩԭڷ˵ҽ
صġҪ⣬Ӧѧϰȫҽ
ҽƣö˰ճǣ͵ɷôɣ
ʱʵֲ˵ġ

Ȼ˵ҽƱϵͳڷҵģǸйȣ
Ǿͺõ̫ˡ

2021.8.7.¼
2021.12.12.

(XYS20211220)

˿(www.xys.org)(newxys6.com)(groups.google.com/group/xinyusi)

               ¹Чҩ

                   ӡ

ǰܹĬ˹˾зһ¹ڸȾҩҰ
ӡ¹ҩӡvsϣ
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ҪúΪϳɵԭϣͻѡӡֺϽȥ
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Ĭ˵ҩǵģֻһֳɷ֣ҩǸģֳɷ֡
Ҹղ˵ĵøƼõһֳɷ֣һҩǰ
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ҩܲãҪͨٴ֤ҩĬ˵
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ԣٴҵЩ˵ı׼Ĭ˵ġӡٴı׼
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һֻǺת֢¹ڸȾˣһʼֻ֢
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1500ˡвеģһ룬е1200ˣÿ
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ġҩĬ˵ҩһԡвͬĿԭ¹ڲ
ҩҩԵĸʾʹؽˡҪֿҩԣǾ
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ҩôãķôҩĬ˵ҩò
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͹ˡ˾ҩ۵ĶҲǶԲͬĹԴҲ
չйҡƶĹһܴŻݣӦñҩҪ˺ܶࡣ

ܿϧǣ105ŻݵййȻųƻǷչ
еĹңѾڶ󾭼ʵ壬һ˵йôô
˼Ѿ㵱Դˣŷ޹ҷ׷ȡ˶йջݹ
ԣйܲ¹ЧҩŻݵġҩй
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йȻҲϡЩҩڿٴʱй
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֢֢رЧңڻ˾ٴĵڶ죬
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йԼõģƭйߡǲϵģȥá
ЩЧҩһFDA׼ˣҶҪ

2021.11.7.¼
2021.12.14.

(XYS20211220)

˿(www.xys.org)(newxys6.com)(groups.google.com/group/xinyusi)

Ƶӿգڰֱܿ·

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FEMrq3ztpgc

ƵʱȹƱ»ᣬйս߳ŭڲ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XDTaHF188n0

ƵʱһǲӦ˭У

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=goJMWts0qHI

Ƶʱûɣû

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cbLGJZSbid4

ƵʱйȻҪȨҪ¶

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mrUAnqmFo-k

˿(www.xys.org)(newxys6.com)(groups.google.com/group/xinyusi)

ҽ³ȫı

ߣ

˿ν¶ҽܳѧߡ㶫ҵѧ³ȫ
ȫĳϮ(XYS20170721)(XYS20200707)

[1] Yang, Chengzhong, Xue, Anke, and Lu, Renquan ³ȫ, 
Delay-dependent robust stability of uncertain discrete singular 
time-delay systems, WCICA, 2006.
[2] Ji, Xiaofu, Su, Hongye, and Chu, Jian, Delay-dependent 
robust stability of uncertain discrete singular time-delay systems, ACC, 
2006.

ƪĳֲһⶼһ[1]ߵΪѧ
ʷĿŵĵ԰½չ[1]ѱIEEE壬

 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1712567

۲Դ½˱϶[1]ߵΪplagiarismԣ
 
https://retractionwatch.com/2021/11/12/ieee-retracts-plagiarized-paper
-after-retraction-watch-inquiries/

ϮΪ³ȫϹҽ֮ǰʣȻѧ
ίǷҪĽƺţ׷ؽȡΪʽֵ֧ĿƼ
רأ
 
(XYS20211220)

˿(www.xys.org)(newxys6.com)(groups.google.com/group/xinyusi)

ʦѧСشѧΪ

ΪڣӦѧ淶ͽѧԺڵⷽʣ
ǺôɣԺְȨԼ湲ͬ壬ѧԺ
죬ĻǵƼԼˣ12Ժ̫
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Զ

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ʽȡͷĿţ61532008149ҳ
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ڡͨDrexelѧУJohn Anderson Fryʵһֱ
Drexelѧȡнˮ˵ͽйNSFCĿĹУ
ͬʱڹ⹤Լװȫְعͬĵڶ
ͬôѧĻʵʵгͬôѧ͹ѧ
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1Microbiome Data Representation by Joint Nonnegative Matrix 
Factorization with Laplacian Regularization

2Multi-View Clustering of Microbiome Samples by Robust 
Similarity Network Fusion and Spectral Clustering

3Multi-View Clustering Microbiome Data by Joint Symmetric 
Nonnegative Matrix Factorization with Laplacian Regularization

4Clustering and Integrating of Heterogeneous Microbiome Data 
by Joint Symmetric Nonnegative Matrix Factorization with Laplacian 
Regularization

5Predicting Microbial Interactions Using Vector 
Autoregressive Model with Graph Regularization

6Predicting Microbial Interactions by Using Network 
-constrained Regularization Incorporating Covariate Coefficients and 
Connection Signs

7Kernel Soft-neighborhood Network Fusion for MiRNA-Disease 
Interaction Prediction

8Prediction of Long Non-coding RNA-protein Interaction 
through Kernel Soft-neighborhood Network

ʵ8ƪĴص໥ԡϮ⣬ݴ
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1ժҪMicrobiome datasets are often comprised of different 
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(XYS20211220)

˿(www.xys.org)(newxys6.com)(groups.google.com/group/xinyusi)

عȻѧίԱСؿв˰ţдпԺԺʿĵڶʼ

𾴵ĸλйѧԺԺʿ

ĩдһʼӳȻѧίԱС
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ǰ죬ȻѧίԱͼίʱٴθҴ
ǽ4Ѯ绰ҵǸԱʱǶ20207·
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ùԱ˵Ƕϴڵ绰ͣ˵Ҷڹ
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https://weibo.com/7019667452/KEaEG7yjTվ
https://3g.163.com/v/video/VXM4MGBG1.html      

νġ𸴡޳ܵĽƱ磡СеĻĿִڼ
ȫְй̽оδȡóɹһһ
ʵѧоĿ̽ҲûκʵݺͼƬС챾
ĿִڼԹѧƥȱѧоԱݷƪоģ
ΪһӰӸߴʮֵNatureӿϷģôͣ
˵Ժ˶ܹ̽оδȡóɹΪ濪չ
ȻѧĿоĽڡ

С참ûܵͨǻίҪΪ֮ί
С켸δչĿоʵǵعͨðȻ
ڻίʧְְԾĿǣ
ԡСеĻĿִһʱΪɳĿ
˶Ŀ

ͣڵ绰кͻίͼίĹԱʵ
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ЩŻûбΪҿйŵĿ͹Ҫȫ
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ԵģⲻʵʩΪ˺͵λĿƼš
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ϣλпԺԺʿӶйƼԼ˵θг
ӳ飬ĸίȿƼţƺ͸ϿйƼ
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(XYS20211220)

˿(www.xys.org)(newxys6.com)(groups.google.com/group/xinyusi)

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ӵĻھȡԽзķӣ봦Գ
ͽ̣˵˾ؼطһָʾ붭䡪
עͬ־һָʾ[5]p613

29գԶǰһչڷƻ·ίвί
ıЩƻӱϰ죬ϰ죬ԿֲǲԵġ
ֳ취֪ͨأ󡣡[6]p613

30գ˽⵽պϰɷݹ˾ЭһЩطѧϽֿ飬
Ҳϵӵ⡣ָھȺֻǳ
ɵӱȻ˴ڻб¶
ķòصίίŶԴ˱еؼע⡣Ҫ
עЩҵַжķӣȡǵۺж
Ǽ죬Ա㷢֮еķΪͷ֯Ȼʵʱ
ɹżƻ񡣡ȷʵоݵķӣ˳ֵ׼
֮󣬱ĳ׵ѹ[7]p615616

йʾ£ز쵼෢ѹ
ĺҪֵᵽģǶԴ˺˶γӰ
ı档ڱ˵ָʾίԱɳ
ǰʡӱʡɽר˾飬֡ȷ
ؾˡҴɱƫ֮ڲٵطƫ
ߡ󵽡Լ־硯棬
ڵĳ̶ˡԴˣƣЩط񼫣ɱҸɲ
ˣɱسɲ˵ķͷӣɱȺڶ˵ķͽȴ̣
¼Ժ̣ϼԺָΪͽ̡طԺȫ
ѹࣻд֮̾ذãʧȥʱЧ
ѵ·طȺں񣬶Է
ΰԱӦ취ЩɲҲΪغ͡ꡰ
֪Ⱥڶ˳ĺ٣Ϊǿջ֮
Լ̸̬ȡı˸أرǸԺ
ޱߡ·طŵƶԺ
Ժ723ϰ䲼ˡѹָʾ[8]p358360
ҳΪ˺ģ˶չһҪĸݡ

ǣزŴѹָʾ
ëȴںܳһʱûӦָʾ

ǰëڽ֮ǰѾǿ׼⣬ʼǱ
ͽ׼רߣйǰϦǿ
ȨһзǶáררơʱ롰ȫ
ķӡǺǹԷֻбרƣʩ
߰ϻ߱ϻԵ߱ؾһˣë
ܲѹ⡣

ëΪʲôʱչ˶Ϊһʼ
Ѿע⵽йҪͳһսʵʹöԸ
øӵöˡ1949Զ˽뷨ʱȷ
⣬˵һ׵öࣻ
Ǿ͡ؽ鷳ΪҪ˼̬ȣܼ򵥵
ԼԸ¡[9]p22ҲΪҪëռ
еⶼޣ۹ᡰ֯νɴ
ڲƻΣոǸⵣĢߡѾ뵳ڣǹĵ
˱Ժ󣬲ǹĵȻڣǱȻҪƴĶ
ǾЩˡ[10]p1428ëرǿҪص
ԳɵĸޣǿǺҪ費Ҫʲ׼ڵУ඼
ΪˡҲΪע⵽Ǻ˸ӵľ棬ʽʼë
ͶκοشӰжС

磬19503ë󶫴Ī˹ƻع󣬾Եʱڹ㷺չ
˶йӦѧϰľ飬ʱũء
һĹģǰΰ׷ƫֻũ
ܹũֹҴɱѷֹڶǹȥ
ģսнеģսȫڸĿڻս
ľԵرͻΪش󣬵лرԵü
ʱ⽨ũ֮ȥǣԵ
ɣ˵ϵȨǺʲ׼ͳһ
սѾϡϺ֯϶γˣʲ׼
ϵģΪȶʲ׼ʱ⽨ũƽ׵
ë˼ףͻǿͳսߵҪҪȫע
òԣԵҪֶ̫̼֮ͳսʹ䲻

ũеĸũҵķ󡱵ƫֶΣģѹ
ϵķӣӰëȻֵøӽˡ

19506£йٿ߽ȫᣬëڻ˵ı棬
汨ؿ϶ѹļ˱ҪԣָǷ
۹ر۹ڱ߶ǵ۹߹һ
ˡ񡢶Լӣ塣ǣͬʱڿͷ
˼ʱȴȷߣȻ㵽˸Ĺ
ҪȻǰһйģڡΪҲ״Ļת
Ϊʲôܰ巴Ĺ֮أ꾡Ľ͡
˵һѾڱԼһǧ˿ڵĵظĸ
＾ǾҪԼһǧ˿ĵʼظĸƷ
׼ظĸУǵĵǹ󹻶ġ

ڶʤᾭø顣ټսѾ˺ܶƻ
˶ǲǡǸʲ׼Ĺϵúܽţǻ
ʲգܲΪսƻ;øɵʧҵ֪ʶӺ
ʧҵĹҲǣһСֹҵߣһũҲǡ

ˣĿǰҪڳǡҪصҵʹ
ʧҵ⣬óʮڽʳʧҵ˵ĳԷ⣬ʹʧҵӵ
ǡͬʱͨҵ˰գͬʲ׼Ĺ
ϵִٰͨѧʹ֪ʶӣʹǲǡũ壬Ҫ
ͨϢ˷˷ԡظĸʹũӵǡ֮Ҫ
м䲻ǵ˱ӵǡٲҪʹǷǡ֮
ë󶫵뷨ܼ򵥣ǣҪ̫ࡱĻ
˵ȫţܲáǲҪѹ˶Ҫ
ػβܼ꣬˻ëһ
òͣһ[11]p397400ʵ
ҲëھóġơĲϵһá



߶עزԵԣëһҪص㡣ɴҲ
˵ë󶫾īسɹˡսĿսʤˣһвԵ
ӦãΪһĿķġˣսƷ仯ʱѸٵȶ
ԣ׷õЧͳΪһֱȻëѹϵĲ
仯Ҳˡ

19506ë󶫻Ȱ浳ͬ־Ҫ꣬мȻ
ºųսܿʧй治ò׼
Ͼ͸ı˴ǰѹⲻ̬ȡʶһ
ڷӵġǧһʱ֮ˣй108ʽ
ʣͨµġѹָʾ
ơ˫ʮָʾȫΧڲģѹĹ

ëھʵͬʱ¾򷴣ȻⰲڵʵҪ
ǰֵӹľ൱Ծ⣬ĻͶй
󷽵İȫжܣ˾޴вݱڲһʱ
9µ׾ƻ񰸼17712ƻ73ƽԭʡ9ƻ
22Զʡ6ƻ60ʡ8ƻ183ݡձ
ƣȥʮȺҹŲӴһǧ
ˣƻ۹йֱӽеļ𣬽ɻصĵ
̨һʮ岿սıرϹĴپ
룬ԭһĿֻԼֲйȨ
ɢĸҥԣƫԶũ壬ڵľֲ
һЩطѾĵ;ɸũз¼
صĵطһʡƽһؾͷ߰

£һȻ֯Ӱã
ȻȻͻ˳䲻ڶ࣬طĻ㵳ԱҲ
УңӶܲطزйֱƣ
ڻŻ棬ӱİһ֣ͽȫʡͳƣʯؼ
иֵͽԼǧˣɽһʮ֣һʮһˣƽԭ
ʮ֣ͽԼʮˣʮ֣ͽԼʮԶʮ֣
ʮ֣һеͽʮˣʮ֣һ
̻Լʮ¡ȫ˵һֲ㣬ҲȫԼ
ͽһʮˣɽصһͽԼʮռ˿ڵİٷ֮
ʮĵż㣬ռ˿ڵİٷ֮ʮߵߡÿһ
ذٷ֮ʮĵũ֧еԱμӣȫزǧԱУ
аٷ֮ʮ˲μһʡ㱱ί˾ŰٸԱٸμ
һһٸԱ˵˵õϲΪũ񵳷
ɾˣһͽΪƶũЩеĴرһ
ᣬΪ֯պãΪߡ[12]p557
560

ڸũ嶼һȻҲͱ˹񵳵
ǱǲԱķݻֱƣصķѲ
εҥߡ·ȱΪϹֱӵװ
Ľ׶Ρǻ򡰻֯װɵԱ
ˣνкλڡ˫ʮָʾǰ󣬽
ֱʮ𡣹ģϴľУӱ䰲ءƱװ¼
ɽɽعɢٱϮռظ¼ӱʡͨءȫ
ᡱ¼ȡ

Ϊѹ˶ָӻ빫ʱȷΪط
֯Ծ쳣ĸԭڣΪ࣬ѹۺȫ
֮ʱרйύһ档˵һȫΧ
һľһµ£ԼƲǧʮһ߽
ʮȥʮƻһʮҪУд
߽ʮϾֻɱĸˣൺ
ֻɱӣ˻صĽؽδɱ
һˣ˵ѹ

СУѹʱʯׯԡʮźš
˵ķҪ֮ãʼ̡˾ܲ
ԺΪϵϾ˾ܲǹɱҹԱ
ɸΪͽ̡ƻķѱ䰸Ϊ
δ췸²ѱ䣬˵ǽԼСǿ
̵ȡо׼࣬˵£ꡣ
Ժȫ˾ԱŨľɷɹ۵㡣

ѹͲʱĽγɴ˵ͷţ˴ͷţ
Ѻ˷Ǵѹ½Խ¼[13]
93ڣ19501115գp1617

˫ʮָʾжΪݵġָʾȷѹ
ϣصҵƫдҪġ㪵ġڽ
źھȻΪķӣûܵӦеƲá
[14]p235236Կ϶ǣ˫ʮ򷴣ؼڵͻȻ
أҲΪȰڵĿǡë˵ѹǹ
;Ҫȡش֮һΨһĿʵʱ
Ŀսǿƣë󶫵Ҫĵ
ӣΪΪʱˡ

ԴˣëʱԹйĽ͡˵ڴ֮ǰΪʲ
ôܴѹΪʱ죬ǵĲƾ⻹ûнͬ
ʲ׼ĹϵȽϽšǸʱѹǲ
ʵġͬˣƾˣԮսҲˣˣ
ǲҪ˷ʱѹֻһΣԺͲˡǧ
ѷ꣬ҪúʱΪɱҪΪ
˷Ⱥڡ11

Ľ͸Ϊ˵ѹ˶Ϊʲôܹ
ظؼ˿ԮսԮкôʹǵĺܶ
鶼ð죨ģԼ򷴵ȣΪԮ
úĵġ򷴵ľͲˣͺøˡ
ûпԮôôģ򷴣ľͲˡ
һҲһ֡ܶ鲻ð족12

Ȼڹȥľ飬ë൱˽⣬ִģѹж
ԷľǿһԹһ൱
νãἫȨȨڸոȡȫ
ȨĹ˵һرҪˣ˫ʮָʾرë󶫵
ȷѹҪرעȺڵĽáǣ
ɱߣӦд̡͸ߣӦԸ졣
ЩִУ빫оڱֽϷϢλȡ
Ⱥнй㷺[14]˫ʮָʾȻˡ
ޱߡġҵƫ򡱣ǿƲáδϳ͵ı׼ָʾҪ
ءԺĳηѹʱ
Ժȴδ䲼ټָʾԾͻǿҪֹ󡱵ƫ򣬼
Ҫ֤ݶſڹ涨дʱڱ뾭ʡί
ίίίеĵί׼رͷ࣬й
뼸ָʾ򷴡֮ľ飬ʶطʼȻδ߶ӡ
13

ա˫ʮָʾ涨ʱ䣬ؾӦ1110ǰύ沢
ó򷴡ļƻ11Ѯ½Ͼֺ֡ͱ
ط򷴡漰ƻ롣ë󶫶Щʾ
ʱԡ򷴡޾룬رصطʵ
ˣһЩԹͳᷨϾġߡ
ߡֱдͽ̻Ѻߡͷź
ƣͬʱһзĴԣԴﵽ
ѹֻ߽˵ĿġķëҲȷʾͬԱ
ίġȸٸ㷴ţַķ⽨
׼ȡݵĲȷб׼Ĵ취Ҳȫ̿϶شƹ㡣
14

һЩطʼ󣬼ա˫ʮָʾҪ󣬹оϢ
Ƹýϴ󡣵ȴйĳ̶ֳϵĵġΪ
ʷϣŴη෴˶󻯵ټ1947껪ĺ1949
ǺһЩطҲɱòԾˣ˶ոշ
һ£ͿʼʶȽ£ǿҪעԡڸ
ɻϼȷѹҪмƻؽУ湤Ӧ
ˡҪмƻصȥҪȺӰ
ߣ뷢ҪţͨѶ۵Ƚϵ
ͳıԹȺڷ鷴ضԷֻڣɱһӰ֮Ч
һ㰸ȺӰߣ򲻱಻ӦԺѹ
࣬ÿɱһ˶ҪڱֽϹɱˣֲã
ʹĳЩ˻ǡɱ˹ࡰж𡰵ȡ[15]95ڣ1950
126գp12

ˣȻΪĵѹȻҪи
ȣرҪעסִ硣ҪעԣɱҲҪעԡ
ίʱָʾƣ·е鳤ϵְҵӦ𹫰
ѵѪծӦ̡ȷʾĩ
һɾȥطӣҪڣͶϣٽ
ʹȥѪծ಻Ӧɱ[16]p553ʱб
ƣ6·Ѿֿƫ110ƻ񰸼2195
ȱʡ14080ˣƻ̨103ͬ˵ȹ
2911ˣͽ13093ˣǼǷ101636ˣ154592ˡ
Դ˼ȷѹУһطѾɱò
ʱʱΪһ㣬˷ʱӳһЩһ
ŵĿʱֽ಻Ҫǵֻ̫࣬ѴҪǱҪ߱㲻
صǱ15

ʱ˶ոտʼٲֻ⣬
δжԱͽȺڵƶδɣëδϣ
Ͼɲֽš͵ӣʾ·ӲӦ
ʱëر޸ΪѪծشȺҪ̣
ڴ֮ȽϲΪʱɴ̡[17]p553554
ʼͬʱڿսظĸ˶ͬʱȫ˿
пչ˴ģ˶ëһʱҲܲ¡

Ͼ߸ɻָʾ͡»ձܲԡ
ƪ빡˷ԵϢֺë󶫼רתȡѵ
ͬⲻҪɡһַǳŵĿ16

Ͼ򷴡ǿ׼ȣҪ׼
㡢зִ硱ѹս뿹ԮظĸҪս
ϣҪʹ⼸ĴԲϵˣȡ໥֧Ԯ֮Ч
޲ԵضȫֽţԼëҲ߶ȿ϶
ָʾ˵ǹѹȫײ⣬ڸɲŪ
գΪãΪʿΪͬ⣬ʹ
뱻Ŀܡ[18]p751752

ƿ˳Խźĺ١˲ȡ괦취
иر𷴶ķӦ⣬˴ࡱ𼫴
ʱëȷʾջƵΪˡ[19]p56

ܴӰ죬һЩʡݣʡһִ3000ˣеط
زɱѿʼֲע⵽ʿ̽硢֪ʶӼѧо
Щ𶯡ոս뵽19511£Ѹپһֹͣɱˡ
ںϵȵصֽëʱҲתأʾ϶[20]
p46



ǣ19501ѮԺۿ־ԸڳսϽչ쳣˳
ëԵؿʼѹ˶״еЩˡ
ȻǿҪ̫š̫꣬Ҫ࣬ɱ˹࣬ﲻë
ڴķȺڵĿġ

117գë󶫶Ͼתإ߾ġ򷴡棬
21ؽӾʹ˷סԡ4600ˣһ׼ڽɵط
һһԶغǰڵش˿ܶҲԶСں뻪
ʹ4600ˣһ෴Ҫɱһʡ3000
Ͳɱˣ˿ڴʡܹŲ2911ˣ֮£ë
̾ͷڡԥʾǿ׼ٴ
ǺܱҪġɴϵԼϡϡ
ʼԣñȽϺƽķصģ׶
ɱ̫٣Щطĵ绹кܶûдһȻΪ
ⱡѶϣϢ飬ŻȺڡ
ЩرЩ˲Ᵽ࣬еĵطҪ
ɱɱ̫࣬᲻ʲ׼Ĳأëȷش𣺡ֻ
Ҫǲɱʲ׼нлҲͲǽлΪֵ
߳ʱֻҪΪͲ⡣ʱȴ٣ݼţ
Ҫץմ˰[21]p3637

ë󶫵ġɱǸʲôأȽë󶫵µļƻ
쵼˵˼ԵظˡΪʹҪʵ˽뷨
ͬʱһٺ͹Ķץǧһʱ֮òʼֱؾ
´ﴦ˷ָˡ

121գڸϺίĵ籨УȷߺߣϺĴ
УڽһڣҪһǧˣܽ⡣ڴ
ˣѹ͵棬ǺܱҪġϾ棬뻪ָί
ò첶ѶȡڴһٸҪķӡ[22]p47

122գ滪Ϸ־ֹ㶫渺˳ƣɱǧ߰ٶ࣬
ܺãɱǧˡɱ˾ǧΪĿꡱʱٶ
һѹƻ17

129գϾίԱṫ19823ˣʡ
160ˣⲻֵʵʩɲĿֻ˼
ıʱȷ빫ƣúܶԣҪȥˮ
18

25գйֱ棬Ѳ500ˣ500ˣ
Ȼ忴ɱòݣִ򷴼ƻһȣ׼ɱһ
ʡϡëԴȴʾר׼ִСɡ[23]
p8182

ڸظ߲쵼δأԽ϶࣬ëʱ
ʾҪίǶֱͨţ㱨˶Ŀչ
ַƶ쵼˽˼룬ʵҪ󡣣19

ë󶫵ֱƶͲѸ˵طķ졣ʡء
Ȼ׷ױ̬ӵ౨˷ƻǣԶ׼ûͳ
һı׼طֲܴ󣬶ҶʵԾɴﲻë󶫵Ҫ

ƽ˸طϱĴ˷ƻ֮ë󶫺ܿͼһ
Ӧ˷ıˡ2¼䣬ë󶫵Ľ飬йרٿ
˴˷ı⣬˿ǧ֮һıɱһ룬
[24]00183578ݴˣëȷָʾϺ
ĸ˵Ϻһ˿ڵĴУϺѲ
ɱ˵ΪһһӦɱķס߷ˡ
ԡ񼰻ͷǧҡϰӦɱһǧҡ
ĿǷʵǼáϾ棬ݶտʩͬ־ʯ
ͬ־ĵ籨ɱʮˣɱһʮˣĿ̫١Ͼһ
ʮ˿ڵĴУ񵳵׶ӦɱķƲֹٶˡ
ɱ̫٣ӦϾɱ20

عȥڴ˷ֽ֮ŷŲһЩʷѵ
ԺؿǵͳսҪ⣬һҪԭ򣬾ܵ˾ʽ
й֮ǰ͹ϳ˹񵳵ġϵ֮
δϽԼķϵҲûƶʺȫΧ
õڲͬʱںͲͬݵذ䲼ʵʩĸķ
ȵȣδͳһҲûԺΪ׼ټϿսʱڸݵص
һЩɷ棬ҲٵزοȻʽϷ
ˡʵ漰˾ʱԾϮ
˼·⡣رڶ̵ϣ޷Ǿɵ
ɹͨеı׼ΪܵЩͨеı׼硰족
δ족֮һЩ̳߶ȵ쵼˼ػҪ׶
ͱüΪѡ

ҪطſֽŴӣһͳһı׼ʱ
ΪϳһзƶȣδͰ䲼κµ̷Ϊɱ
ءܡķݣյ̳߶Ĳһ¡˫ʮָʾȻ
ȷҪԺ䲼ĳηΪݣƶһױ׼Ծ
ֱۡй˴µĴ˷ë󶫿ʼ˾
ѹ֮Ժ221ոйҪʽ䲼
л񹲺͹η

ëҪɱ˷ָʾΪʹطܹſ
ţʹԡĽͱ൱涨Ĵ̱׼
൱ɶȡϷˡ족δ족ĸ涨
ֻҪй۹壬߶ְԱװӻѱ䣬е
ңμ֯ԷΪĿ֯÷⽨ţ١
ƻ˽Ʋ͹ʩͶɱˣα칫֤ɿȺڶԿ
ŽᣬɢҥԣԼ͵ԽԽѲذӷﷸΪ
ͼ֮һߣۡ족δ족ɶΪڸɱ
ɱҪȡǷҪӡǷءռһߣ
д̻ͽ̡ʲôС۹塱ʲôСԷΪĿ
ġʲôСءȵȣȴ޾Ľ͡[25]1951
222գ

ηһ䲼ë󶫼ָʾȫٸץʵʩ
ѹ籨ƣг⣬ѹĹһ˵δ
شģʵСӦʼٳˡЩ
ҪǱൺϺϾݡڡ켰ʡʡǣǷ
֯ҪѨмƻزʹڼڣɱ
оݵķӡ[26]p139

ëʱ֮Ըһ俪ʼʱСĽ̬ȣһַʽ
ƶ򷴡ǰȻҲǽǿġֻҪǲɱĻ
ϵġǣѹһԹĶȺΪĿģ
񡢼͡оٵЩδġСӣԵ
ˡΪĶȺڣȺڵֱΪ۵㡣һ
͡оٵĶУȺڵϵֱӣҲ
𵽹ĶȺڵáˣѹΪһȺ˶ƶ
һʼͲܲڴɱЩֱͨϵ
нϴߵġԷӡѪծġʷҲ˵Ҫشɱ
ЩȺʹ޻־ķӡëڶԭǡȫԡȫ
ԵĶԱȫɱȫԵĶԱһɱܽ
⣬ЩԱɱȺڲ[27]p138

ǣʲô˿ǡԡأߡСʲôΪ׼أʮ
ԣ뿪˾ķɱ׼ɲƾжʵԶ
һ׵顣һЩͷӳ˵кܴߵνԷ
ӣ෴ȺڶֱӶǵзС͵åһ˵
߿Ƚձ顣ңΪ󡱣Ϊ١
ߡ㡰ܴ󡱣ʵȷеĳ߶Ѫծ⣬һЩط
Ҳʷɱյ˺£ѹȥй˾ģ
ͳͳͬѪծڽǰαɱα
ͨʹͶԾ֮࣬ҲѪծˡ[28]
19511ڣ£˶ʼ֮ʣһЩ
ͳɱĵһЩط棬ֻΪҪ񣬲ٱ
Ϊԡߣжвָֻϣ㱻ɱ
ݣȫɲ˵㣬һ¾Ͳǧˣ
¾ʹ߰˰ˡ21

ë󶫲ǲ˽ũˣûЩɱء
ļƻθԵر󣬻򴦾˷ıѾܴũҪʴ
¡3³ɽʡе籨ǿʴ´ɱˣӰܻ
Ƕ򷴹ʵϸƣؽ£ؾһвʴµƫ
һҪѹһзһɲɱЩѾʵ
˳ѹĵطҪͣһ£Ҫ׽ɱˡ[29]20044ڣ
ͬʱëҲҪƸش˷ıͲΪ
ǧ֮һһԲԽĴ˷ߡЩǿ⣬볬
ߣҲʾֻͬǻǿ˵ԲӦԮҲɱ࣬
Щߣɷհ[30]p223

ũȽϣëȻӳ򷴵ĹģȺڶԱ
ʼΪеġ򷴡ģͶڵķúԶ
䰴ë󶫵Ҫȥؿ֮ύı棬ӡ֤ë󶫵ֵ
ģܵë󶫵ĸ߶ӡָһЩͬ־Գз
Ʋ㣬Ϊ岻ͬдˡԣֻ񡣵ڶ
Գѹ𶯹ƹߣԼĹǣĶҡҡ
ӲɱȥԼһ칤˹Ⱥڷ
ΰҷַȺڣССţȦӡģ
ϵ̫ģȱϸĿƺͼල壬геĹɲС
ӦǿӦӶĶȷʵѵġ[31]p189190ë
󶫾ݴʾ˵ǷӼ쵼ǱصҪĳѨ
úܴȥԸоܲãɱܳؽ
⡣[32]p168

ܴɱԱȺڣֲмӵĿ־Ͳأ

217գָ£һҹ֮675ˣռ
58ˡע⵽ǹ˷ȺΧۣ˸߲ңȷ
ΪִǰȫٿȺڴȣ淴У
ȺڶԷĳ󣬱ֽһ37ҹһٴ
1050ˡţйרڸЭίԱ
ϯ飬Уύ۳
ΰ취һϵ֮й25յֱһԾǹ
199ˡ[33]p124

ȺڴᣬȺͶ롰򷴡˶ķʽ
ë൱ġѾڡ򷴡˶ǰеУҲȡ
ͬˣ3¼һһ൱ǵĲ
׼Ѿ150˵Ļϣٴ1500ˡë󶫶Դ˸߶ͣ
תأ˷ܵƣ˵ɱһ͸껹ʹ족
ϣϺϾൺݡ人СеȳУһ
׵ʵ򷴼ƻܴɱ[32]ڣһֱ
ϺĹҵĵλ̫ϺίҲ̼ˡǰ˷
ֲƫ򡣰ë󶫵Ľ飬Ϻί˵ϺѾ
1068ˣ100˵Ļϣٷֲ10000ˣɱ300040003000.
22

ϺйĹҵģҲʷ̾ɹ֮أ
йʲ׼֪ʶеĵطëһֱעϺ
⣬١ϺڷſֽţëȻ߶ȿ϶ƣ
ܴ࣬ɱǧԸе򷴹ܴƶáע
ڴ֮ѸѶԼڰھӦɱһȻÿдһ
ȺڲŻǿɱǡǵϺίĹ
ǣرƼ˱ҪϺ쵼ע⿴3Ѯ
صıֽοѹľ顣ȿϰ˵Ĵᣬٿǧ
˵ĸ飬ٿ˵ĹͿߴᣬ̼Ⱥڵߣʹ֮
ӵ򷴡ԣɱľ鿴ֻҪǵĹúã
ʿʲ׼ǿȡӵġ23

ע⵽ľ飬ëʱʼǰйǿ
עزԣԼбɽſָʾꡰġһ
Ѹأĵѹϸڷס߷ˡԡ
񡢷ͷӵΧ֮ڣܽС͵ͨͨ
Աͨ񵳾Ҳڡ[34]p219һµֳƣ
һʱڵ򷴹ͻľ飺һмƻ׼شģ
ͬһʱѲӣӱ򡢺ӱƽԭʵ
֤һѲᷴЧĲٵĲ衣ڶ
żҿڵȳеľ֤ٿмĸЭίԱ
ᣬиɡʿ塢ڽ̽硢̽
μӣԽ¶ߣʿ˼ǣԱ
ײѹķǳɹġۺ⼸طľ顭Ǹ
֣棬׼طܣֻ
󰸼׶˷Ǳ˷ûˡ½ߣԷ
ĳޣȡøʿӵ[35]p233ĿǰءԷӵĻ
ֽ¶̫١Ⱥڸʿμ򷴹£
̫١ܶطηηβҴɱ
ı䡣н򷴴ģ㷺
¶üʮˣˣˣǧ˵Ļ飬ñֽ
㲥̨չᣬʹʹȫ񼰸ʿ
μ򷴹壬ССţηηβ磬ջǳ֮
[36]p242

ë󶫵ļƶ£ȫгд3¿ʼ½ʵʩмƻģ
ԵĴʹж˾ڸж൱ǿҵ
Ч

ݽ翪ʼһж̫ԭί棬313տʼʵʩж
šѧϰľ飬ٿСϯ
飬רѹͿ߷Уһ
56շִСȡ˻᳡ͻϵķʽȫ
ǧȫţҪֵȺڼгȣݲȫͳ
ƣȺʮϡ̵ܶڽͷһȺһ
۾ϵıͿߡʮĸѧУͳƼǧ
Ϊʿͬ°ʱ㲥ȺҲͷ°ẰںţȺ
ҲɽҽѧԺʮũʱ޲ܶҲ
ﷸѺ᳡ʱȺĹˡũȸڴ
ָŷУ᳡߿ﷸɫȫ񼸺ȫ
·Ϊ֮ͨҪһֱ̳ɽ˺÷
³ﷸ̳ʱǧڿȹԾߺںšﷸ
ҲǵΧȺڳЦ᳡Լ硢㲥̨յ
Ⱥڿż͵绰㲥̨ӵʱʱյȺ
ڿż㲥ķӳٶӵ߲ҪǹЩﷸĵ绰
ʮΡеҪЩһǧСȺڰѡٴ̵
[37]һڣ1951423գp34

ƵڸмһޡѾɱ൱һ˷֮󣬸
гоµɱءܼƻ¼ĳһ죬ȡ˴ģ
ĴжһǧˡȻǴģȺԹʹǹ
ֵעǣ򷴡˶ȻϵġΪʵ
ʱҪĶرǱóʾڵЩ
󲿷ֶڵӰĶԷӻѪծʷӣ
ȡóоӵټϸձƹ˸ᡢ
̸ᡢ߻ᡢᡢչᡢ㲥취24η
ӡҼһĳһˣټôȺڱԭĳ
ƻ¼ô丽طȺ档ǵо
˷棬һЩطרžٰдѵ࣬ʹͨ׶
Щټϸֽƪ빵ؿǿԼ¶ɱ˷
еűɱءǿƺ
ЧʹȺܵȨǿӰм
ܸﲻ25֮䡢֮໥ҷ
񵳻Ȩйǣ߸Ǿֲѣף͵͵֤
󻼡

ĵʵС򷴡ڸгɺʿ
붨еḶ́ɺʿϵرֳ˻ӵ
̬ȡʹë󶫷ǳġһݱʾ
û뵽ܶͬ־ΪԮ˹Ƕ⸺Ⱥӵ
ӻԾξǳͬ־֮ģһǲҴ
ѹ뵳ʿμίԱǹͬз
ǡ෴Ǵ˹ĵطáǶ͵ʿ
ĻԹƲһӡһǲʿҵߡѧ
ڡѧԱشؿģɱȥҲֻǿ
ģǿģصĹ塣෴ǿ˵ģ
Ǻûнֹ涨û˿ܺáǶڵ
ʿĻԹƲһӡ26

Ÿشĵؿʼչ򷴡ڵҪڽߣ
˷ĹģҲһʤһë󶫶Դͬе衣318ձ
һ׼ȴ500֮⡰һ͸껹ʹ족֮
422ս蹫ı棬ﱱһ촦200ɱ
á˵ȷִëϯҪѹָʾĵ
һΡ֤𶯹ǲԵģûиݵġ27
ֱɽһ̼˸ги˷ִɱϺⷽ
ϣʵ˹йڴ˷Ҫж͡㡱Ҫ󡣸
Ҳͻһ֡Ϻ427մ֮ǰ˷֮
100ˣܵë3µ״æһδ˷90⣬δ˷
9ˣһֻжˡ427մһپͲ8359ˣ430
һǹ285ˣ[38]p10510659ٱ28ˣ615һǹ
284ˣԺÿǹһʮһʮ11
³ʱѴ2000֮ˡ[39]195151ա112գ



˶籩ȫΧչɱظ˹񵳵Ǳ
ǲԽԵĴƵй񵳱װ
˺󼸽йȨнϴвĹɱ˷Żʽƻ
Ҳ١ȽϹȫȨġ嵳˶ԡ
ΪĿ꣬[40]p215216ȴʹؿй
˶ڷ񵳶ɽ˵һξ޴ĳɹο
˶ʵë󶫷ȺڵĿꡣͨ㷺͸ʽĻ
ԱѪߣ֮ԵγȺ򹲲һߵط
Զ뷴ӻޣɱеķޣ
ԱָΪ֮ԱǣļҲԸΪǹеТ
÷ӵʬ弰[41]p406232֪
ȨѾ൱ι̵ˡ

ˣ˶ں̶ܴԲɱطԣԼʹЩ
ʷΪ˵ķΪص㣬ȡ޴κοܽŻ
ԷϵĻӣΰС飬ҲͲ
شǿΰؽ°ķʡԹ
ʡһΪ˶ģǰ1950꣬°Ϊ4314
˶ģչ1951꣬һӾͽ1318˶
1954꣬455½80ࡣ[42]p183ȥĹ
ɲҪŵװͣ򷴺˼жˡ
Щڹʱڳܵطڶ̰вѹ½ײ㣬
Сҵߣ֮Իִ󲶴ɱ˶ʾܣӵ
ԭ֮һ28

ǣʹëԼı׼˶ҲѾˡ

3ĵѹĽǸɱءֶܵ
ͻԭȵͼƻڶطԭյ޷ǧ֮
ǧ֮һĴ˷òǿϸضû㹻Ĺ
취Աܹ˶̵ʱ˶ɱءܰǶ
δܾϸ൱˷ֻǻʷνӼ
̵ı׼ԶԶл񹲺͹ηеĹ涨Ȼ
ӡС29֤ݣĲɱ൱ձ顣

֣͡ᯣŵڳܹߵȽһ½
߻ѪծֻսڼصǣͱΪʷ
ӲŹؽ˵Ҳ۵ͷϡҼ޿ϣ
޼ٽҷϣȫʱ¼̸֤֤ԣֻƾعֳһ
ֽ״ǹɱ[43]Ϻ»Ϊ׵йµ֯
˳ټ¹ɲƹšɵСȹ
Ϊ׵ĵص֯쵼šũѧѻ
֯ϵȹΧΪͷӡԵ
200ܵ˱ƹ8˱ǹУ5˱̣4
ְ1䲻[44]p129137

Ķȣ׷йͶջ꿹սڼ
йָżμ˹񵳾ӣսڲ߶𱱹񵳾
ԱɹͬߣѪծȴ˶бʷ
дִ̣ǹ[45]20044ڣ

Юӱԩٴڲũء

1953괺ءѺС൱ձ飬˶
ڼһЩԴİڲ763ַУ
ߵڰ׵ľ82֮࣬ռҪ10.7̶Ժ
һ񼫵ġӡһǽǰ䵱Ȧӻᡱġ
ү˹1200Ԫǽź֯ظ300˽з
ңŹɲͼƷũʹ۶Ȩ飬ȫ֤ݣ
ݡԭֻΪũͼѡũḺʱ֯ũ
˻ģ³˻߱[46]p412413

1953꾭»ߺ͸Ÿ϶Ĺݾ¡νƻ
ͬ˾ԩٴΪõӪ³򡢴ĸ磬Ǻ
͡硢ȡϵȰ˸Ӿӵð̶ܴì
ԭ³糤Ϊˣɺ½޽ΡΥ
ϰߣɲ¼ѰƱ塰򷴡˶̱֮
νίԱ֯˰ĵ305ˣũ12ˣ6ˣ
ɱ7ˣ269ˣɱ20ˣ13ũ1ũ6[47]1953
413գ

ǿĲɱһصĺǰѴͶ
Ա˷ڸոսõĹսУй̶ܴ˶
弰ͶԱ̼Ŵߣ߽˹񵳼ս
ġǣ˶УЩԹͶԱм
Ⱦļڸɲһֽġطȥ
ͶԱ⣬ҵĴˣΪ˴ﵽϼҪ
һЩطɲɱҪѹͶԱ
й쵼лɫڻĵװԱ롰ɱءܡ
֮С

ϲ20нٽȥ̨⣬μͶϵ9ˣ
˶ж౻Ϊӣ4˱ǹУ3˱̣2͸
䣩[48]ʡͳĩڵ81صس塢ͶϣǱ
ͷţѵõѰŹʱȴطҪչ˷
֣ȫӸɱˡ[49]p103

ս죬ξıžı˾ְ֮԰
սڼͬˣӦս֯ĵװֱӽ
˽žʮָӡ󻹳ɹ߶人ܶ壬
人еͨѶͨˮ繩Ӧƻȴ˶бʷ
ɱ

ȫΧʮĿսţ1951˶УҲ
ŷһΪıҶֻΪϾֵ
һǵСƽͳսҪ˹񵳾ųϡĹسϱ
żȻŵָ֣ʾˣŲӹһ[50]
20041118գ

ţڴĹͶԱԭڵطͳս
֮Уǵˣֿ֪ٽӪµͨ񵳾
ٱ˽ΡΪˣ򷴿ʼغͲϷڵؾ
׷͵ѵۺ;Ӱನδ30
أܹͶԱ߼ĸ￪ŷ׷Ҫƽ֪
һʡ϶븴17145У13530˵Գоָ
Լռ79븴ıɷйװԱ3011ˣ
2291˵Գо[46]p425ȫΧܹ15ͶԱժ
ȥʷñӣõƽɴˣѿʱ֮һߡ[51]
һʼͻָزɱΧѸһʰľ棬Ȼ
Ĺ涨̫һЩɲ޷죬ЮӱԼ
ȺȱԵԭ򣬵ȫΧִ˷ʧصԶ
׼ë󶫵ȫƶֲġй֣֯ṹ϶
߶ȼȨγɽʽĸɲලƣӶë
ָ꣬ɱػᱻһ㻯Ϊʮ־ʽȥÿһɲ
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طɲԭǾ˳۵㼫أϰڼ򵥵һ
ɾǡë󶫱ַǳϰָҪ
󣬽Ҳʹøɲɣڳϼɵָ
ġ31ش˷ֵʱȶϣ൱̶Ͼطɲȿ
Ҫϼʾϲɾس׽̬صġ

ݱ5£Ѳ188679ˣ57032ˣС㶫
·ݼһİٰʮ[52].µֹ
ﷸʮǧˣɱﷸʮǧİˣռ˿ڵǧ֮
߰ˡ32ϵǾˣ5Ѯɱѽʮ򣬾
˿ǧ֮һֻҡԶ˷һ㲻˿ǧ֮һ
ԭ涨ϵҪ7000˿ڵĵģû
ţҲſʼ߳һҪɱ䴦˷
ضҪͻë󶫴ǰ޶ȣǧ֮һ塣[53]Ϊ
ҪǣʵܿѾִĵġ򷴡гصƫ
ݱʡίʡֿ֮ɱɲɱĶɱ˵ռɱ
ٷ֮ʮңݡƽҪɱʮ˼޷ʵ
ʷ䶼ûС˶ɱ˵ģί֯˾ɱ
ʮˣһɱʮˣһɱʮˣɽ׼ɱ
ʮˣһҹӺִдеĵҹ
ģҪר·ݼѺһǧˣһؼ
ǧˣɽί׼дȫزһǧһٶʮˣ
͵֮е϶ûУдһ֡㶫ƫʵȻ
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Ѷտɱʮˡɽɱʮˣȷֵ
ע⡣[52]й̫෴󻯺ǰһɱ˹ѵ
һЩĸˣѾʼԼ¼šɽ־5³´ָʾ
涨ɽũ壬ڳУɱıӦǧ֮һΪ
ס[54]20044ڣϾ4мϡϡʡͣ
ֹ󲶴ɱʡ˷Ȩչʡίաǣɱ俪ףȴ
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漰һЩԭʹЮӱʵİȻǲ׷ѡ
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һӴ1520֮࣬ƾվ5ˣŪϾָ
һʱĪԡ[53]33

ëʱɱʧأػһҪɱɱҲ
еˡ420գרµǳƣȻ2ȹ
ɱ˿ǧ֮Ϊ׼Ѵǧ֮һϺͻ
ĳЩʡﵽǧ֮һطѳһؿϡ
ƺ볬ǧ֮һıܽ⡣ǣ̫ƺס
רҪɱǧ֮壬ȻǴġʡίҪɱǧ֮Ҳо
ˡһ뷨Գǧ֮һҪ̫࣬Ҫ涨
һǧ֮Ϊ׼Ӧ෸Ϊͽ̣뿪أɹ
ҷУ·޺ӡѻġݵҵ׼ɱ
ˣɱƽߣҸʡ
˿ǧ֮㣬ϡϡʮϣ
һܴʡΪɱǧ֮Ͳ׼ͺݵԭҵ
ð˿һǧɱһʡίҪɱǧǧǿ
ɱһһ㣬һ಻ɱѾǧ֮ıǰ
չ£Ѿ׼ͺˡȱִ
鷳ɱãˬ졣ôھ÷棬ηҲĳһ
棬ʹǶʲ׼֪ʶӺ˵ȥﷸ
ġǷУǺһЩͬ־һ£ΪΡ
34

Ȼ쵼ǲë󶫵һʾġë5
³ظһؾ䣬ٿȫ飬
ȫͬʱϡϵĸˣҪǡע⡱
򷴡ɱʧص35滪Ϸ־˵ݻɱ
ǧ࣬ѺʮʡһӦԥ桢һ
һֹͣĸ£ܽᾭ飬ɲ
36

ë󶫴ʱ̬֮ٿйܡ
˵ԭ׼²ſᣬϯ˵УҪϿ
ʱ䶼涨ˣҪʮſ˵ڳѹĹ
涼ȽϽϿ᲻á˵ΪҪϿ[55]
ë󶫽ٿĵȫľ飬ëԼල޸ƶ
ġϣ˶ɵط˼򵥴ֲ󣬿ɱɲɱɱ
һЩɲɲĲһЩڸĻδ顣£
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롱[55]ëֿʼѹϣá
˵Ϳ׾ԺͲð졣֮ɱ˲̫࣬
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һǽڿɲɲ֮һҪ˾Ƿ
󣻷ǽڿɱɲɱ֮һҪɱɱ˾Ƿ󡣡[54]
뻹رԸ߼ʿ⣬רŵָʾָʾϣ
ЩǵίԱԺίԱĸ߼ʿ
Ϊǵļѣĺбɱɨسšû
˳еɲƲ𼫴ĲͲͳһսѷ˼
Ӱ졣Ҫ󣺡ڽǰѿʼμӷǺ
ʿرǸ߼ʿľ٣ĺУ
չ˻ɲذһ㷴ͷ
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ӼӦȰȺڵͷϴ˽ᣬӴӦӴ
ߣӦӿʹʱȱֺ׼
[56]p432433

ʵϣȫʽٿ֮ǰйѾë󶫵Ľ
飬ջزɱȨʹȺڷָⷢʾ
رһɱ˵ִ̻е̷ָʾּ⣬
ǵһ׹涨ɱ˵ı׼ֻɱѪծģȺڷߺ޵
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עͣ

ٻ2090ǰ󣬾йʷо쵼С칫
ڲ֯ѹ˶ʷԡʷϡܵʮһ
ӡ19891££Ϊй˶Ⱥڳ
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20044ڣ¡ȫ϶˶ͬһЩ»
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ڼ򵥻򲻾ȫ˵ʽƺܿѧ
оĳɹԳ֮ѧоһƪģѧߵ£
Julia C.StraussPaternalist Terror The Campaign toSuppress 
Counterrevelutionaries and Regime Consolidation in the People's 
Republicof China19501953Comparative Studies in Societyand 
HistoryVol.44no.12002.ֻJulia ڵоõҪֻ
ϺһصĵʸĶȫΧ˶òʮ⣬
20049ڡʦѧѧϷй̳Ȩ
ԡϺ˶Ϊĵʷ졷һģҲϺŵ
Ϻ˶ѧһŬ

ڹ˵ʱҪ194910½ǰͽ
ռĵ

ۡйίڵصŷӴ뼰ֵʾ桷
1950320գеݱࣺҪѡࡷ1950꣬136
137ҳɽڼ᳹ѹʵʩɽʡ
ݲA001010069004.

ܡܶתëϯ195058ա

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£ᡣءѵֵ׿룺ë˹֡³򡷣
2004棬22ҳë󶫣ר19496
30գëѡ14771479ҳ

쵼1949ȰйնȡĳУԽ
ë󶫶ԴȴΪȱٸ棬鲻㣬˶ͬ
񵳣ʶȡгһЩΪãⱳϰж˹ǰģ22
24ҳ

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ϧƳټӢȵ۹ҽ⽻ϵġɨɾ
͡⽻롣ë󶫣Ŀǰƺ͵һľ񡷣1949
18գëļ1996棬231ҳ

ࡶë󶫹ʱũĲѯʡίͬ־19503
12աҪҪũ⣬ë6¼ٿй߽ȫ
˻йԵ硣֪ࣺë󶫴ϣ
׳2003棬9091ҳ

ᡶһѻЧձ19511012գ
1950ȫ깤桷ձ195121ա

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ֽί᣺衷93ڣ19501115գ12ҳֹƽ
ԭʡ˷ˡع;ͨ1950107գֹڻ
ѹʹëϯı桷195011
13գй뻪Ҫļࡷ19548£551552557
560ҳ

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ա

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13˵δ㹻ӣָë󶫵Ҫ󣬻Ӳ
˵ûжĴɱ˫ʮָʾǰ
ġڴ˫ʮָʾ֮ǰ10ܹ˷
1349ˣ󲻹ʱ䣬ʹ2130ˡĴʡݲص1
1142.

14ë󶫣Ͼѹ͸硷
19501115գë󶫣ڱίѹ͸
硷19501122գëĸ塷һᣬ664675676ҳ

15ֹѹı桷19501228գй
ͻֹѹı195118ա

16ë󶫣ѹӵĲĵ籨19501219
գë󶫣תϾ˷Ա
19501219գëĸ塷һᣬ729ҳ

17ë󶫣ڶԷĵ籨1951121գ
ëҶӢӻ̷֡ʯŶة1951121գ
ëĸ塷ڶᣬ51ҳ

18ת潨ĸ塷ᣬ56ҳע3.

19ë󶫵ʾʹأرǻʡһǶ
ֱд򷴹档ʡίǹѹ
ëϯı桷й뻪ְ칫19518±ӡ

20ë󶫡ϺϾ򷴹ָʾ1951212ա

21ʡѹı桷1951113ա

22Ϻί򷴵ļƻ1951315ա

23ë󶫶Ϻί򷴹ָʾ1951330գë󶫣
ͬϺί򷴼ƻʯĵ籨1951324գ
ëĸ塷ڶᣬ192ҳ

24䱨ᵽѹ˶ڼ䣬ٿСȺ
ԻǧΣȺʮ˴Ρӱزμӹֿ
߻ṫȺڣȫ˿ڵЩ˲μӹϵĻ顣
ơԺ
ѹı桷19518£衷һڣ1951113
գ912ҳ

25ݡ9вһ¾յּܸ
7000⣻ӷԶͶߣ800ϡѹ
ƶΪȺԵľձۣ1951523ա

26ëڵСƽġ򷴡Ԯۺϱϵע
195159ա

27ëת빫򷴵ı桷1951422ա

28ǰѹ˶ʷԡһܽĳɹ
൱׵˷ǿרĻΪûָͷչṩ˰
ȫϣǰ൱ַӵõ˸졣

29ݹͣССܴνз
ָڽлͼıзƻﷸѯ𡷣
衷һһڣ1951714գ13ҳ

30˽⣬൱һֵӴ½ȥľ˶
£Դ½Ļ־壬ӶӰ쵽ǼŮԴ½ֵ̬ȡ

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سʳ͸һֱطɲ鱨ĸ
ȡǨʱ˸ɲνѾá

32Ի巢ִеȫ
巽1951528ա

33ӻڱȷʾδŪΪֹͣɱ󲻼һʱ
ɱ5ˡ

34ëСƽʯӻ֡Ӣѫͬ־һ߸ͬ־
硷1951420ա

35ë󶫶˶вɱ׼Ȩָʾ1951516
ա

36ë󶫶Ի򷴹ĸʾ1951521ա

37ڸزɱķ繫ָʾ
1951528ա

38ֹɱʾ1951529ա

39ʯڻ·ݹۺϱ桷1951528ա

40ࣺʡʷҪ19491990ϲʡ
1993꣬1731ҳָݸã31
ҳܵڡɱءܡֱַΪ253854797623967
ϡ

41ݡʡҪϲ1985꣩ʡ
˿1947Ϊ1272.51953Ϊ1677

42ٹҪֵͳƱ桷1954114ա

43Ͼһ׶ɱֻռ˿ڵǧ֮˰ˣ
μƻɱ300ˣҲǧ֮һһ㡣ڹ᳹
ȫļƻ19521124ա

44ĴԺ괦±ɿһЩ
÷ԺڼʱȫͬıһСһִ
μĴʡݲص01061659396.

οס

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[17]ĸ壺ڶ[M].

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[20]ë󶫡תʡί򷴹͸Ͼֵĵ籨
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[21]ë󶫡ڶԷӱȴ׼úݵĵ籨19511
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[25]л񹲺͹η[N].ձ19510222.

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ëĸ壺ڶ[M].

[27]ë󶫡ת俼㶫򷴹1951
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[28]˾һ칫Ŵѡͬ־˾ɲѵ
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[29]ë󶫶ɽ־յ򷴹ױʾ[R].ɽʡ
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[30]ë󶫡תʡ195147գ
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[31]תë󶫡תڼг򷴹챨
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(XYS20211220)

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Щʩ֮£˶ܴ쵼ҲӵнԺ
ʵϣ

ԳƷǽɵĺѡ˼ûΪսļ¼ҲûȺ
ڵ֧֡˽޷ѡƱΪһֱ﷽ʽ

Ĺ޴ڣڵѡδ˵䡣

ǲԸͶƱһƤᣬȻװһ

ҺͶƱ̫͡Ϊ90ѡֻ20ͨ
ѡģҪǰͶƱվΪӺϷԡ

ԱһֱͼԴ˴ѡٵ֣¶ƣ
ͶƱʽӳѡе⡣ҳҲΪѡٱ绤һ
оѡ٣ûСͽ

Щ̬ӳŬ뱱㷺¶
һ¡½һݰƤ˵йһȫ
ҡ߼йܹԼңֹй
ʶ̬

۵ġɹѡٽƽ£ڷ
ǵ쵼˺ʹȱѡ񡪡Ϊ˽˵Խ
ܻйƻͳƶȺͼֵ۵˶ͻԽɹ

Ϸ᧿Σ£Ϊ˴ѡٱ绤ʱķӦҲ
ΪˡвҪһҳƴ˴ѡΪƭ֡Ҫֽȡ
ж

ý岢ΨһĿꡣ˲ͶƱΪΪ
10˱۱־ֳƣΪش񲻲μͶƱҡ
ΥѡΥҰȫļ϶õͬ
ĻӦ

ҲѡͶƱʻܵ͡ⲢΪѡе⣬
ΪǽܾЭйȨķʽͼ

˱Ȼֺ顣

޹ڴ (@nathanlawkc) һʿίԱ
Ŀǰ׶ءΪʱܿ2020ȰٴҲ
Freedom: How We Lose It and How We Fight Backһߡ

룺ŦԼʱ

(XYS20211220)

˿(www.xys.org)(newxys6.com)(groups.google.com/group/xinyusi)

ݵǡᡱ

ߣFARAH STOCKMAN
2021126ŦԼʱ

2020ѡеŭæųԼҵĹã
ɣݽ¼ƱԹвȴδͣЪ෴Ѹ
ٷչ

һжԹʹӼһιŦԼеĵ̱
¡ռеĵûо¹رĵϵͳ
й˰Աڵ˵˽˽ݻ˽˵绰ͨѶ

ЩĳңԶķаδеķ衣Щ
ҰȫԱҹ¡

ڻʢǿ⡰оδսĿ˹ʶңֻҪ
ȼΪߣͿռг״ݻϵͳ
Ѿ̶ֳȡ

ݵĻӦͨټӦЩвЩ˽ͬ
ŬǵľáǵľӺǵļй˹
ĲΪߵֺΪʲôݵͳŷ޸쵼齨ŷ
ó׺ͼίԱᣬίԱ˹¼ֹ벻
֮ͽ֮֡

ΪʲôݵҪڽйǿĴǡӡȺձ
Ԫףȷơʹ÷ʽǹͬļֵ
첢ȨҲΪʲôݵڱĺټ
ҵ100λ쵼˲μᡣ

ڱܵķϣĳŵҪܺͺȨ
ܻжյ޲ߡЩתҴ
̣Լ԰߶ࡢڸɴ쵼˵Ǵ𡪡Դ
Ϊѹɺߡ

ӱϽλ鲻ǱҲǹڿ
δԼ¹شļвйͶ˹ȹͶ
˹ܺӼ㲢ʵʩ㷺Ĺҿƣ˹Ҫһս
ԼƻӦЩ˹ܡӼ̫еӦã
ȷЩΪǵ

ݵͼŷ޺޵ѽڼú;Ĺ
ͬսߣΪʱ׼ʱκεԵξ
ͬǽݵŬһĹͬߡǵ˳Ա
ʡ

³˹ѧרעó׵ĸ߼оԱǡ÷߸ңڱ
ԵĹУЩ˲ϵͳá

ԴӳΪѡݵǾͳŵٰηᣬþɵս
µв硱ŽԷ˹Ȩ塣

ȻЩսںܶաȣεǣҪ
˵ҽ⵽ʽսȾ
ϼûһ淶ʴӰִܶ
ìͷָ˾ھάεŷչԿ

ӡȱ֮ҡ(Freedom House)Ϊ
ɡΪʿӡȽԼ˹ֹ
Ϯڷɱͳ޵ꡤصؽìͷָ˽¶ܺϢļ
ߡӡȡͷɱμӰݵǵᡣǵȻᱻ롣
ǵҪǡ

һǳûģйҶڡɡ͡ɡ
֮䣬ǡ͡ǡ֮ķֽ߾ͻøģһƪеר
У˹йפʢٴʹΪȨЩң
Щǡ˵ǵĹҲӦñΪҡϾй
Լ빲һЩ顣

йӵеǹ㷺ġȫ̵йʹظպͶ˹
ʹŵڡ桷(The National Interest)д
ӳ־ϹҵʵõĴ֧֡

ȻЩ۵㲢ر˵ȷʵһȷ
۵㡣ֳɡǡ͡ǡܻʹŬø
ӣЩɹҺͲɹҶٵģ仯кʹģ


ΪȨԿŵᡪڼϣǰ
ӵоԿƣȡֲܻͬ淢չ
ĳЩطĵҪ110ѹЩط220һ˼ܻ
Ԥķʽδı߽硣Ѿˡ磬5G
ϣϴ󲿷ֵʹйĵ豸Ҫ˽
Ĺҽʹ豸

˵ջᱻΪֹңйĹҡЩǩ
йһһ·ƻʩĹҡԼŷ޹Ĺ
ңڡؽõ硱£ȿֺԼļƻΪ
չйҵĻʩṩʽ

ĻμҲӦҪǰҰȫ
ء͢ҡ˵Ÿ۵ľ弼µġ
ˣսͬʱй

ǣǰй໥棬ȫѵ뷨һ
ʵۡΡơһӵԼ3.5%ծĹңһ
ṩùصiPhoneƷĹң

սȨ廹һ⣬ûпǵ磬
Ƽ˾й۾ڷá

ڸսĵطʶҡǳע
ΪҪߡҲΪڵ21͵У
ҪģǿĽɫ

һЩƼ˾һǿֵעǣҡר
ƻѲȡʩƴͿƼ˾ȨЩԽԽ
ͿƼ˾ǿҰȫ

仰˵ܸӡˡڡûм
ʻ̸⡣һܹͬŽ
Ĵʡ

ʶңݵͳ֮ǰÿλͳһ⽻Ҫһ
֯ԭѡһ

Farah Stockman 2020ʱ۱ίᡣʱμ꣬
𱨵Ρ˶Լ⡣ǰְڡʿٻ򱨡2016
۽ӭTwitterϹע@fstockman

룺ŦԼʱ

(XYS20211220)

˿(www.xys.org)(newxys6.com)(groups.google.com/group/xinyusi)

غϼ3982021.11.11-20


@fangshimin
ӣ񣬿ң˿վYouTubeƵ
https://youtube.com/channel/UCgTxdmY7L0I5MKWrrf0Ejtg
Translate bio
California, USAxys.orgJoined December 2010
48 Following
326.4K Followers
41.6K Tweets



@fangshimin

Nov 11
ʱԪĽץ
https://youtu.be/8-abQpn5FGY



@fangshimin

Nov 11
CNNҲҿǣ˵ţԭ1$1.991ǵ$2.79
ÿ12ţ̵ļͥ𣿣ȥˡɶʱţô
ʮǰ1ţ˵һֱǴԼ$3$2.79ˡ
ЩԼɹ
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@fangshimin

Nov 11
˲ˣʼڶӦҽԺʿ߸ĺ٣ᡣ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1458906446062505985



@fangshimin

Nov 11
ÿ˹ڽֹѧУֿ̡֮ۡʼѧУͼ
ࡱ̤͡ݽֹ˹ķЧ
ˣ߷Ժ󰸣Ůֻݡȥ˹ô
ƵķɲΥܣҲѧݿͨȨǹ̡
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FD8ariUVQAQ7BUF?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 11
ʥǸ类Ϊĳ(#1 most fun place in the US)ŵһ
Ȼǲ͹ݡοġʵʥǸ֮ǻãϲ
ĿԻ裬ϲĿԳˣϲɽĿﳵԶ㣬һļ
ԣҲڶطˡλ35.8꣬ĳС
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@fangshimin

Nov 11
Ĳ⿹Ϊп岻Чй
ķԽ⿹ΪⲻǾ˵϶Ч
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@fangshimin

Nov 11
˰ѡƵĳ˿ѣ̫ĳ˿Ȼ˼Ǻ
飬𣿲ѵƵķ˿
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FD9GiYyWYAIUNEN?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 11
˵ɳʹʿάǱ߽ӲƽЭִ滹
ͳ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FD8xXtMUcAk5lzU?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 11
Ǳ˻ŵģСܵ´ˡҪҰʹ˻
https://twitter.com/i/status/1458971776361189378



@fangshimin

Nov 11
йս⽻ǹģ˵ͨķɡǷǷġЧġ
Լ߷Ժ󷨹ˣսǿܲףͨķɸ
ŵġϹνϹѣзЧ
ͳʱԳ߽Сʱʷļ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FD9UQ94VcAY0mK-?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 11
ǽħˣָ֪ϴ硣ˡ
ǻԱǱ𿪳ġص153ʹ˵
ģҲֻһ1%⣬ӰۣΪʲô
ҪġοٴѱʵӦý֤ʵ
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@fangshimin

Nov 11
ô˫ʮһõĻͿ˺Ͱϴ˹˵õĵأȥ
ô࣬ʱհ档
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FD9ln2oVgAIfTFG?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 11
Ұӹľ(blue elder)Ϸ̶(Southern honeysuckle)
ľܿ(bush rue)ǹľ(coyote bush)
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FD9t1KrVkAMZSuC?format=jpg
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@fangshimin

Nov 11
¡ձ731ʵ١
https://glory-amphibian-43c.notion.site/731-a58be3d7571c40ffa67471647b
0f9d3f
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@fangshimin

Nov 11
ÿ˹ֵͳƽھ·ݣûĵ¹ڸȾ
ɽֵĵ˵13Ԥ¶ȾЧ92%20
Ԥ¶Ч95%ȼݵĺһЩ 
Ԥ¶ȾЧ86%۲żݣŲŵأ
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@fangshimin

Nov 11
ôоĪһԤȾЧڰû
½оͼݵʵʹýһ£
Чһ85%ңû½ڼг˶ǿ룬
ǸΣȺ˵ĿǰбҪȻҲûϴЧǿ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FD-Gk-uVIAUA1U6?format=jpg&name=900x900
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@fangshimin

Nov 11
йճ52ʹ˷žУٰһ
ȥӪ롣
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459041932047314945



@fangshimin

Nov 11
йճȪˮСѧҹ߸롣
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459050460384358400



@fangshimin

Nov 11
ĴҽҩҩȺʴﵽ92%Ȼ
˵Ƕ2.2оóġԭĴ¹ôأ
ҩԤȾĶ顣
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FD-gq4OVcAEv0wD?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 12
ڳǽ飬ԣͳʵʵ¶ڣܶģ
ֻҪͿˡйҲˡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FD-pZOGVEAoR5wg?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 12
СץȥƵ룬ɱһ
ǳʴˣ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459258022622994432



@fangshimin

Nov 11
ôУȥˡ󲿷ֻǺܳٵģл100ġ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FD8iac8VQBUic_9?format=jpg&name=small
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Jinjun xu
@xu_jinjun

Nov 12
2010׶εĶᣬʲôˣ


@fangshimin

Nov 12
2010sѧȻᡣ



@fangshimin

Nov 12
ǡ·ˣϽֳֻܰ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459265286654152706



@fangshimin

Nov 12
ͨ˾ʼJacobsоһԪһµĿƼġ
½᲻ʥǸĽƻˡ
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@fangshimin

Nov 12
ɣȷӰ죬ϼݴ¼£ʥǸ¾ﵽ30϶ȣ
ȵһ졣ܻȱء
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEBrfDuVQAIg4rl?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 12
ʱЦѧһô󳦸˾Ʊ¹ڵʵ飬ʵ
ѧԣǷУˣѧҪᡣ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEBhXQwVkAEAHMa?format=jpg&name=small
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sorbent
@sorbent2

Nov 12
ա


@fangshimin

Nov 12
ô󳦸˾һ¹ڵףһдȾԡ



@fangshimin

Nov 12
йճһСˡ֪ɶʱ
סС
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459290468823420937



@fangshimin

Nov 12
ҥĨڻҥ˾ܱҥ
粢֢ȥ콱ءëĺݶܹ
泩ŴҥȻҥҥû¡
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@fangshimin

Nov 12
Ʋ¥ǱѧУͷ
¥ˣȨġ
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@fangshimin

Nov 12
ˮȵ귿λߵ10070%ڼݡ
ӻھӷûͱӼ10ߣû
ָûаѷȥ
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@fangshimin

Nov 12
йճ40ϴˣׯ40˼ȫ
ڼ14죬˽ֹ
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@fangshimin

Nov 12
ʱӼҸԱͬ¥ԱȫҪӼҸ
롣һȫ¥Ρ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FECxKoPUcAAr54y?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 12
Ұ¿ؽľ(Orcutt's goldenbush)ϡֲݰͶ
(California croton)ɭĲǾޱ(Aldersons rush rose)
ˮݮ(lemonade berry)
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEC5h_2VcAI1ckB?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEC5iAHVQAE5ors?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEC5iEEVUAk0wJY?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEC5iGxVUAAyzRk?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 12
ʱ22棺ҪҪڱĺ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459380152228483072



@fangshimin

Nov 12
˾ߴյľʦũӹÿ߿һꡣ
ĻŶӴյָʾܾȥ֤ñץҲӦô֤
ҲܾȻͿץˡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEDJq8AVcAkRsSC?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 12
֮Ҳƣ뵽ҪԼˣȥˣ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459393920010317824



@fangshimin

Nov 12
ÿȻǲкͿ壬ǲIgG壬кͿ
ͷԣ˵ûв¹ڲĿ壬ҲͲ
кͿ壬ȻҲͱûб԰αרΪЧ
йߣȻ˵Բûб޳ܵġ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEDVGQrVkAAvVYt?format=jpg&name=small
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@fangshimin

Nov 12
ׯӽڼ14죬Ͽһˣ߲ӻҫ
ôûǷ»Ⱦ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459410591068536835



@fangshimin

Nov 12
йʹݸ߹ܡ˾ҵдţ˵ԱҪͨ
Щ˶ȥ˵ˣ˭˵˭ʹй棬Υ
˵ǼǷ˵ˣǺ£ԽйԽйչ
ʮйһⶼˣͲȥ˵ŷ˷й
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEDlCjiVEAEtDj5?format=jpg&name=small
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@fangshimin

Nov 12
ǽǧ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEDtkb4VgAEDrVo?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 13
ҵĸ˳ҸеʱùʡСĽ
оѵģʵôˡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEGdryfVUAAoy41?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 13
λʦֶʦдﶼǴӡİɡλʦӦ
90ˡʷʦǰȥҴʱϡѧΣ
ϵȥʵҵġʱ󲿷ʱһȥǰ
һƼţһҰ첻»ԺҪѧõš
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEGpAeoUYAYOgOV?format=jpg&name=small
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https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEGpAe-VEAM4uNT?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 13
ȫĹַɱˡƵ̫ѪȣˡƵʵ
ɱ˹·˸޶ãֹͣһȥ
о죬첻Ųæ߹ɱ˾Աŵűץ
ͨȻ˼˵ڵԱֳȺЭ½ץ񡱡
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEGzDD7VQAI46hc?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 13
ɶ4¹ڲȴ8˱ΪЩġʱհߡ
Ƿѧġӿգɶ״֮ʱհ桱
https://youtu.be/wTymyz22BRg



@fangshimin

Nov 13
ϮĺָµϺ׼ߡѧУУȫԱ
ᣬΪһо󳦸˾¹ڵ׿ѧȥҽԺʱ
ԡųƲʿҲѧоĳϮֻϸ
һ¹ڵУֻϸ¹ڵףܾдȾԡ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459657877346422792



@fangshimin

Nov 13
иᡣ˾ڶ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459672642613514240



@fangshimin

Nov 13
ɽɽһû磬ϰְ࣬ݼ٣ȻȾ¹ˡ40
꣬ͲĿǰɽɽ97.2%ѽ硣
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEHkZUXVUAEkuB9?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 13
ǲӿģץˡɱ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459707105233948676



@fangshimin

Nov 13
֪ʶӡ̫ţûˣ߶ʳһ
֪дʣ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEHy-h2VcAEPQph?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 13
Ұݰ(California adolphia)¼(Hookers 
evening primrose)(California aster)ǳ(blue statice)
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEH81ESUYAEwrgA?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEH81NeVEAEhODk?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEH81NbVcA0g6_O?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEH81NfVkAE5SdX?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 13
¡ͬǲͬǲ
https://glory-amphibian-43c.notion.site/4512101763024f3b9ffac45ff615c6
40
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEIC3QCUYAIctBF?format=jpg&name=900x900
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEIC3M8VcAIIMj3?format=jpg&name=medium
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEIC3OVVQAMo0dz?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 13
ֹ˲⣬֢״Ҳز⡣ǶԵġȸ
ֵĶˣûҪģ⡢ͳжٸȾֻҪͳסԺ
Ϳˡ֮¹ھͺвˣ˭ΪбҪ⡢ͳ
иȾأȻй⣬ί˵ˣȫ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEILTUPUYAQO9GD?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEILTUdVQAE16af?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEILTUPUYAQO9GD?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEILTccUUAI3zqe?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 13
йճڻÿ͵Ųᡣ˵ˣ
Ϊйճһ֣ߵĶò⣬ʱʱ⣬ŵһ
ͷȴ¾ǲᡣ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459750826528829440



@fangshimin

Nov 13
ûͳһ𣬷Աô˽լȥŰԻ
޺أһΪмرˣֻһңû
ľ͵ڡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEIeLsjUcAMqBgq?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEIeLsdVcAEuDMJ?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEIeLtuVUAEyA0h?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEIeLsgUYAIrfJb?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 13
ôץˣʱڵķν磬ǡ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459757749596688387

MrSlower
@slower_mr

Nov 13
ⲻڼ䣬һֵĶû


@fangshimin

Nov 13
Ǹɫ·Ů˴ôĿֿ



@fangshimin

Nov 14
йר·֣ݱװڻ¹ڲͷ
ԭݰװҲһںأɶ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEI9zecVUAkWfQS?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 14
ŦԼѧԺһУԺѧҪѧϰھΪ
޿Σѧܱҵ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEI_sXHVUAUO9RV?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 14
һ⽲׻ĺԱѧ죬ѧҪѧһѧڡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FELfIa7VUAMbxnG?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FELfIa7UUAMUygh?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 14
йճӱķŴУϸϸ㡣
https://twitter.com/i/status/1459982585015128064



@fangshimin

Nov 14
άĸΰ󡱡ĸȫ桱ĸʶĸšλһ
塱οԽԽΡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FELvnrwVcAEPQUq?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 14
ưᡣ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460002466641035265



@fangshimin

Nov 14
Ȫˮ˴СӳٴУץסˣҪ̾ˡ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460011223097872387



@fangshimin

Nov 14
˵ƽˣЩ˻һʲôʱհ
ôȰᷴϷˣ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460018487452078081



@fangshimin

Nov 14
ձйѧձȾӻйزԣȻû
֢״ԺļⶼԣǱסԺ90죬Ѫסѹ
԰ҩ˼ǮձúôţعŰʵʣ
ɶɱԹģ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEMUMt2VgAQ3cym?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEMUMt1UUAExtKP?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEMUMuhVEAU5dB1?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEMUMugVIAEKIJi?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 14
һﻪ˴һйѧ֥Ӹٱɱı¼ͣ
йԺ˵ı̬ޣϴһйѧ֥Ӹ类Űɱû
ôٲҪȥȽҵʮԪֽԱٷˡǰ
ǽýϽʦŦԼй˽ٷˣǺܽҲΣ



@fangshimin

Nov 14
Ҳû³Ѹġݡͬá
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FELXq9RVUAIRAnE?format=jpg&name=large

Zhihong Yang
@ZhihongYang2001

Nov 14



@fangshimin

Nov 14
ǸȵУڰġ



@fangshimin

Nov 14
ȫĹңԱΪͻɱˣΪֳÿ
˾ɱˡɱ˰ȫĹҺû
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEMud-mVcAAQAOF?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEMud_CVQAQ9gMd?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 14
йճûֻʾ룬˹
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460074827574747142



@fangshimin

Nov 14
Ұβ(blue sage)(bladder pod)ʥǸ翤
տ(San Diego county sunflower)ϣ(Parishs nightshade)
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FENCNqmVQAI1yF6?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FENCNrCVQAYYjjP?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FENCNwvVUAYvAcd?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FENCN5yVQAUTW_x?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 14
йճȥˣͻȻƣȥˡ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460096880327593987



@fangshimin

Nov 14
ҲҪⱻȾ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460104531853774856



@fangshimin

Nov 14
ŮְҵҪйʧˣ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FENd4afVkAYfDJP?format=jpg&name=large
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FENd4aeVQAEydgj?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 14
ʱʿĹǰģ߸¡
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FENlFSgVUAgZc1I?format=jpg&name=4096x4096



@fangshimin

Nov 14
˵ΪˡǰԤˡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FENwB1_VcAEmD1_?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 14
ƵṩعԱһһٿǮʳѵ֪ͣھ
Ե̫ˣʡ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460144341704343554



@fangshimin

Nov 14
ίٴ̬꣬֡㡱ķĿ꣬汲ȥһ
Ƭʲô˼漣ܴġ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEOA1kuUcAEnclq?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 15
ӿգ˭
https://youtu.be/yyyBAvQsQqY



@fangshimin

Nov 15
ĸ뼯Ӫͷ԰ȫץȥ룬Էѵġ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460338737682911234



@fangshimin

Nov 15
ˣй˽ȥѡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEQxTcHVcAoESXj?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 15
˵ûɣ˼Ȼ˽飬Сʱۡ˼
Ӱǵ߸Ȩķ֤ݡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEQ5VOhVEAU9aeR?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEQ5VOiVcAIskR6?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 15
йճйش˴ëװ
ԣռסԪ¥ˡռѾյټģӦ
ڿǰ⡣ļˡ˻˾ԱסĵطǲҲҪˣ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FERALv-UcAA7wIx?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FERALv9UYAA9Shl?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 15
ǸȺܾɨĶɡ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460370569627529218


δԭ Weiyuan Huang
@WeiyuanOttawa

Nov 14
հݶ˺ƽ£кܶ۵ͬģ˵ֹѧָ
ֻдͳҽСҽ಻׶϶ڽ̵ʹڼֵ
ȡ
ֵͬĵطҲܶࡣ
磬˵ѧȷǿѧ֤ʵ֤αͱ
ѧǿɴģԿѧȷ1/
Quote Tweet
Hu Pingƽ
@HuPing1
  Nov 14
ڿѧǿѧαѧƳάţƽ
ӣhttp://duping.net/XHC/show.php?bbs=11&post=1273829


@fangshimin

Nov 15
ƽԿѧĿɴѧȷǽԴǰѼ
ѧĿɴʵָɼԣȿǶԵҲǴģ
һѧ۱֤ǶԵģǾͻϲٱƷ˹ʶ
ѧۼʹ100%ȷҲӽ100%ȷڽԴʽ۲ɱ



@fangshimin

Nov 15
أǿ֮ѩʮû˹ܣҪƳŷˡ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460384360729776129



@fangshimin

Nov 15
ӢݣΣȺ50ϻлڽֵڶ˹
140󣬴Ϊǿ룬ԤȾıЧԭ˹
Ĵ44.1%93.1%ԭĴ62.5%94%ٶ
ԭ˹ĺֵò硣ԭĸΣȺҲԲ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FERsqMNVgA019us?format=jpg&name=medium
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FERsqMwUYAEQHh0?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 15
˴۳Ѫͷ֥Ӹѧѧٷɱı
ˡ󡱣ҪʾȥѲҪжͷвҪ
Ρǹ֧Ƶȸ⡱鷳ǳݵİ
ϴû֡Ҳ͸ϷйԺ˵ı̬ޣֻ
ķ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FER6PalVcAcLoZx?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 15
֣ݳǹܹӰϽ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FESGyQeVEAQC_D7?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FESGyQhVEAIf2Uy?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 15
˵ʸҲǽ衣ϴûоλһʱ

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FESLY7kVQAgTuh7?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 15
Ұྥݶ(wart-stem ceanothus)ëҶݶ
(woollyleaf ceanothus)β(black sage)ʹܹ(mission 
manzanita)
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEShSgXVEAAuZe-?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEShSg3UUAU8tjV?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEShShOVUAEsRhK?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEShSp9VEAInJcw?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 15
˵й˥͸֧ˣҪйѧϰΰ
µȫ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEST2jxVgAIB0PO?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEST2kcVEAAqBZM?format=jpg&name=large


@fhjxp

Nov 15
ǰ³ѸҲ˵ߵĩ·


@fangshimin

Nov 15
ñ˵ǰ˵ҽкܶ׶Ҫı䣬˵ҽߵĩ·
ҽųȻȴΪ˵һ
£³Ѹߡ


Tang Xingshuo
@TXingshuo
  Nov 15
Replying to @fangshimin
ʿǰ˿̸ΣƲȥ




@fangshimin

Nov 15
ġʦɶʱ˿̸Σʮ
˿ô̸ε£ϹˣҪּϹǵ
ָԽ


Tang Xingshuo
@TXingshuo

Nov 15
Replying to 
@fangshimin
ʿ˵ʲôﲻ̸ΣǣΪɵ̸û
ż˭̸ʿѩԻѰı䣬ȷʵҪʦ
ϹҲó˿εȺͬ


@fangshimin

Nov 16
ᳫ˿¿̸ʱβڲ˿վ̸̳Σ
Լ̸̸Ҳڲ̸㲻ֻϹĺڣڻ
˵ҡѰı䡱


@fangshimin

Nov 15
ڵݽֹ˹󣬼˹󲿷Ķġ
߷ԺƷ˹Ϸо26͵ݽֹ˹
ԤƼ30ڼƻ˹
Ͷ룬ȫģʱݹ͵е鸾Ҳ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FETBO1rVQAM15w0?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 15
ͬ˹˵ǳ͵ԽԽ񹲲һ˳
ݣҪŽΰΧԲͳͽڼ顣
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FETEV94VcAMJ8aq?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FETEV94VEAMGymq?format=jpg&name=360x360
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FETEV94VQAYDlFl?format=jpg&name=360x360



@fangshimin

Nov 16
ҪйĴսǰѾŷսˡܿ
ҪѧϷүȫս˰ɡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FETNd73VcAUfV4c?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 15
ΪԻݵĹ͵Ա.գݹ͵ί
Աͨ飬Ὺ͵Ǵʷ¼򹲲
ѧİɣ˵ԼĸԼǼǵģ˵ĸ
Ҫ롢׼Ȼν
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FES5_HYUUAgWBjY?format=jpg&name=large

april-story
@aprilstory18

Nov 16
ӦòΪ͵ѡ˲ѡ˰ɡ


@fangshimin

Nov 16
ȻΪ͵ѡ˲ѡֻǻ͵ίԱ᲻֧ѡ
Ϊĸĺѡ˲ѡԼȥǼǵģ˭Ҳܲˡ
ܹ˵ġֻ֯֡Ц



@fangshimin

Nov 16
»쵼ĳƪݵϰϯСʱ
⽻ָʾʾͬ⡢ִϰϯı桢ָʾͲʾҪ
ѧϰˡͶˣйӮˣҮ
ϲֹġ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEVtla-VgAMrGbS?format=jpg&name=medium
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEVtla_VUAU6G9b?format=jpg&name=medium
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEVtla-VUAMr554?format=jpg&name=medium
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEVtla_VkAY5UwN?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 16
һʼϰϯеؽаݵǡѡǰݵ˵
ֱ˵˵ɣ໥˽⣬ǲѡ⡣ǰ׹
꣺ݵǡȻѡפʹ΢Źں
һ̸ҪĿǰת
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEVzfVbVgAAf9QZ?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEVzfVbUUAIe4Ia?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEVzfVcVUAAedWy?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 15
ͬѧ˵Уĵڶ86֣ĿưģˡӦ˵ǰĵ
70֡¡ҵĸ߿£ϣ
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/2QyMYV6Y7vyhhKgQh3ypLg


@fangshimin

Nov 16
ԭӱ⡣ӣhttps://t.co/v3NkhndhZd

sandajin
@SanDJ97

Nov 16
Replying to 
@fangshimin
ͬ߿ֱܷټ֡ı20֣ˣʧֶࣩ
ĿӦñҪЩӡ


@fangshimin

Nov 16
߿ǸдŷӳСȾ⣬ôд⣿ѵ
д֧Ⱦ



@fangshimin

Nov 16
лСͷˡ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460711904888819715



@fangshimin

Nov 15
йСѧŴûٴ顢ȫԺЧԶĹ硣ô
ֱӰôССȫҵõڶ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460397499273736196



@fangshimin

Nov 16
½̻ҵԱҵλԱҪء¼ҷթapp
򷣿200թappΪ˷թ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEWSLRwVkAMJZIH?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 16
йһֱΪԼİĽй졣
ͬйĽ졣
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460742660566634497



@fangshimin

Nov 16
ҶԿǲӣѾ̾˰ɡ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460750466778742787



@fangshimin

Nov 16
ǲ˾Ʒ׼˳ôץȥ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEXL0lcUUAQm3u3?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 16
ڲ˹һֻѩȾ¹ˡ¹ڶèƶӰȽϴ
èȹ׸ȾΪʲôõʥǸ綯԰ѩƬ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEW8HWFVUAI4-9Q?format=jpg&name=medium

Raven
@Raven77709712

Nov 16
ʷĿǰû֤ݱèԼ֮ǰ¹Щ鶯
֮Խ¹ڲ


@fangshimin

Nov 16
ˮĿǰû֤ݱЩ鶯ܰ¹ڻشˡƵ
Ŀ˵ˡ


@fangshimin

Nov 16
΢Ⱥϵģô󵨣ѾѰ˰ɡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEXYG1UVcAI25eG?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 16
Ұǣţ(coast morning glory)Ҷľ(sawtooth 
goldenbush)ʥǸ绨(San Diego wreath plant)(California 
sagebrush)
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEXgYFlVQAMLOxl?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEXgYFkUYAUZ7s1?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEXgYFlVIAsswlD?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEXgYFmUYAU7kd9?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 16
ĸнֶӣˮƽܸߣڱݡѩԵƬΡ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1460828808584458240



@fangshimin

Nov 16
ƻ㹻һʹõĿ¹ڲҩһƳԼ700
ԪȨҩҩķҩ95ۣԤһ
Լ10Ԫǻѧҩ׷ơй95Уڻñ
700Ԫ󡣵ȻйҲϡҵҩ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEWIQJGVcAAWjg2?format=jpg&name=large


@fangshimin

Nov 16
ˣǹ㹻1ǧʹá



@fangshimin

Nov 16
йְѶҸ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEXvdFWagAE64Ht?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 16
һӳϼ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEX1ar4UUAQBAE8?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEX1ar3VUAAXw2O?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEX1atqUcAY4KcW?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEX1a1zVgAITgkW?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 16
ѧèͷӥĹںڷƪҵĸ߿£ϣ˵Υ
ˡһûİ汾ҿΥʲôҵĸ߿£ϣ
https://glory-amphibian-43c.notion.site/af34c22755644d5ba468773f14e918
11
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEX6NDjVIAAXITK?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEX6NDiVcAMzLVe?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEX6NDiUcAY3fk_?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEX6NDhUYAItYIY?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 16
20211116գΪֹͬǰָ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEYBBqmVgAEs93q?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 16
ʹ޷ǡСˣֻʹޱȾˣڶŵǸߡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEYKpgzUUAE_jTL?format=jpg&name=900x900
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEYKpg1VgAIAqae?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 16
ֱҲҪǽڷɱ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEYSMpWUcAEiEKY?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 17
ʩһʦָ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1461064254056919046



@fangshimin

Nov 17
ϷصĴܲһ20Ԫײһ10Ԫгȥгָ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1461072344336666627



@fangshimin

Nov 17
йճưȫᡣ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1461074599546785792



@fangshimin

Nov 17
ʱһ׶԰ʦΪϷ߲ۡѰ
£ˡû˵ʲôۣǲͼΪָ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEbOjwjVkAE7H8a?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 17
ʱﱾ£α޺
https://youtu.be/D0xZ6vij5CA



@fangshimin

Nov 17
йճͨԷ񱻹صҪˣǿҪ質

https://twitter.com/i/status/1461098009115213836



@fangshimin

Nov 17
Ժ223:207ͨǴɣԱϷɱ
ԱϮݵǵĶίԱԱʸʷ
ϵ24ԱǴ𡣹͵Ա2֧1Ȩȫָ֧
һ͵ΪҪǴԱ͵ɿֲ嵳
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEbhVywVgAAnoYN?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 17
Ӻ̨˧ŮЭдţ˵˵δ֤ʵܺãֻ
ϢӹʼϻйأǷ֮ǰİɡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEbmMfhVEAcFFmY?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEbmMflVQAYBrsE?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 17
ѧϵҵĵҲ˷רңΪָ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEbyvBZVUAAPRaS?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 17
ʱȷﲡڽֵ͵λԱ뿪һѧ
һ˶ڱţٱؼˡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEcGcyOVIAQ2Grf?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 17
һӳϼǺĺѻ˰ݶϼӷů
2021.11.17.
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEcOK4kVcAIkOnZ?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEcOK4vUYAEFV82?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEcOK79VQAARN4S?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEcOLA2VgAMvh2P?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 17
һй˻Ҽң֪



@fangshimin

Nov 17
һ£2015ͨɣ˻ɵ˽ؽպ¼
ǷǷġǸ˻˺ţͰѳͣ·ܿ
йˡ´θҾͱ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEciWClUYAo27Or?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 17
ҰҰ(Chilicothe)ĵ(California four o
clock)ݰ(California adolphia)(graceful 
bedstraw)
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEcqyC0VIAkBmmV?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEcqyC0VQAY6WIE?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEcqyFaVEAESznW?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEcqyHiVcAwXjDw?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 17
Լɱŷ41¡ôؾ
ΪɿᣬеǷ칫ֻл
ʳƷ鷳ˡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEc7RWSUUAA2iLT?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 17
öﲻñܻ䡣
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEdDFKVUcAMuYYR?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 17
ŮЭϯ˵йý˧ơû¡ʼ
˧İȫǷŲǺųƼĸ𣿿û淢ȥȻͲͨ
йýм˻Ƿ˧дģйýһ
Ǹ߼ڡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEdJm7xVUAIH_I5?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEdJm7vUcAEG_ss?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEdJm8bVcAMWU6Z?format=jpg&name=360x360
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEdJnCWUcAIKWyR?format=jpg&name=360x360



@fangshimin

Nov 17
սǵ˼ǣֻҪ˶Աܲμӱ»ͺˣν
ʡˣ¸뼯Ӫװ¡
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEdR9UpVEAEBM8z?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 17
ªйˡԶֹͣУΪʱйѾˣӦ
дйˡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEdY1nWVEAQr3Vu?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 17
Ժ˵ˣǽսĿҳҲΥģ15000Ԫ¡
ǰɹΪǽϢ5000ԪСۺ컹˵PSء
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEdfyO6VUAMnxPh?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 17
ȫġҵĸ߿£ȫ
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/iNBMeKtERGKUjLngl7DVIg


@fangshimin

Nov 18
ȻΪΥɾˡɵ￴https://t.co/v3NkhndhZd



@fangshimin

Nov 18
˹ŵ˹ڶ˹Ҷ軪ݽҲ
Աݽ翪ˡ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1461433706632015875



@fangshimin

Nov 18
˧㱻ܣͷꡣ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEgV4FcUYAIY2tp?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEgV4FcVgAMjg0K?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 18
˵ΪϤйϵˣ˧ý²
̸۵¡ܵʹѹΪϤйϵˣź
΢΢šʱǽκεط˵Щᵽ˧
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEgcB8qUUAEKkCl?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEgcB8oVQAM8Ps7?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 18
ƺƵֻོɢȥˡ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1461473498988122113



@fangshimin

Nov 18
԰δδ˵ѾΪȷɡרƹҡǷרƵģý
еС֣Ȼ׼ûã֪δδǴۡΪݵǿѡ
̨
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEg7tRAVQAER94_?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEg7tQ9UUAQs3Lg?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 18
ѧèͷӥںŷˡҵĸ߿¡󣬷ǰ±Σ
Ű¡
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEhAimIVcAI3G-2?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 18
ʱհ棬й߳ˣйе׷ϡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEhGXi7VEAY7NNU?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 18
ĪԲԣ߸裬С޸ա
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEhQHTIVgAMKqJy?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 18
ǽǽ˹ٷƽݿ羳ȫءȥǸ߿Ƽ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEhZmNhUUAI6mPy?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 18
Ұβ(black sage)ĵ(California four o
clock)ǣţ(coast morning glory)(California 
buckwheat)
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEhu-_5VIAUTOYw?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEhu-_8VgAU3oN2?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEhu-_3UcAUJu5o?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEhu_BBVcAIV8Q3?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 18
ǿÿ͡װթƭapp
https://twitter.com/i/status/1461565169935405057



@fangshimin

Nov 18
нֶƻֺĻ㱨ݳ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1461551805326757893


@Dalaoshu4

Nov 18
Ҳſ


@fangshimin

Nov 18
ݵߣѧУڶ֣Ŀ֡



@fangshimin

Nov 18
ݴѧȥȡ׼ѧԺ󣬻оҪҪñѧԣھ
ԶȡѧԣֻѧϰɼԤ޴ѧγ̳ɼг
һѧҲȡѧԡԹ֪ҪҪѧԡ
йѧҲֻѧϰɼ̫ˡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEiOU-oVgAct4q0?format=jpg&name=large


isilkskirt
@isilkskirt

Nov 19
Replying to 
@fangshimin
гɼûпɱԣѧɣҲܲ
ֺϡѧ


@fangshimin
Replying to 
@isilkskirt
һΪеѧġɡ
֪ͨѧ¼ȡԿгɼΪģڵĲֻҪ
Ҫͬʱοѧԣˣˣ


@fangshimin

Nov 18
ŮЭϯ˵˳й׼⡢ΡǮ
ԴԴҪWTANBA֡ȻûֵǰίᣬȻ˵
˧ǰȫġ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1461582863162175488



@fangshimin

Nov 18
ԺΪֹԱͨੲ
5Сʱݽǰݽ¼20ӡûг2018굱
ʱݽʱ䣬Ϊά׷ߣͣݽ8С
ʱҪ׷ߵţԺķʱ䶼

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEiflaRVIAcid6E?format=jpg&name=small

ǧ
@G0RLdns6YrVRbIn

Nov 18
  ôֽ


@fangshimin

Nov 18
ӲˡԱؼˣٻȥͶƱܲʮ
СʱķԡԺֻһзԲʱȨûԺ
Աϡ



@fangshimin

Nov 18
ƤҲ˧ǶҲҪǽʧ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEinHpIVgAEOqgo?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 19
ʱԷߵץôˣ˵ֻɧҲҪ
ʮ졣Ž޴
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEit_QEUcAIELZi?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEit_QFVQAEIU24?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEit_QDVkAQfHbL?format=jpg&name=360x360



@fangshimin

Nov 19
Ժշ8Сʱ32ӣ2018귢Լ¼
߳ݽ˴¼ûκ壺ݽԺ220:213
ͨûй͵Ա֧֣һԱԡϴͨ
ͶƱĹ͵ԱȴԼֺѡҲ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FElCmQXVUAUmMa6?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FElCmQZVkAAJRu_?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 19
綼˧˶Ա˶ԱŽᡣ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FElHM2nUUAIgbVb?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FElHM2mVgAIdGP3?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FElHM2qVQAIwAvG?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FElHM3bVkAAu9zk?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 19
ѾΪ෢չָĽ취Ȩȫ
Ľ취壨ɫģ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FElLxe0UUAUUTTk?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 19
ƴѧ2ǧԱԱȷˡҵķǽˮ
жǸƴѧģ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEmOOSRVQAInqvd?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 19
ҰɳĮ(desert agave)ľ(ocotillo)ľ
(indigo bush)ȾϹľ(dye bush)ڴɳĮ³ء
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEnQt8aVgAAWOc8?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEnQt8YVIAEaibR?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEnQt8cUYAQQpug?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEnQt82VcAE5pSU?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 19
ɳĮ³(June wash)֪Ϊν֣ɳĮһ
̺ط˵Ұ٣ʱȥȻ˼ǰû
ҰɳĮľеѾʢسʱ´ӴĮƽ
ߡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEnY0OqUYAMb1xa?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEnY0RnUYAQW4KZ?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEnY0flVUAIcmfv?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEnY0fmVkAct9ty?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 19
ưţ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1461945980031418372



@fangshimin

Nov 19
һδǹݺųҪȥάɱһˣڷ̻
±ԷΪоǷǡ˵Ǹ磬һ
ﻪ˴ȴﻶ塱ѳǹɱ˵δ˳ΪӢۡ
ѪȰԶҲԷΪǹɱ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEnk16gUUAQmjhS?format=jpg&name=large



@fangshimin

Nov 19
ЩǺֲܿģδ˿ԳǹϽ죬ͻɱɶ
ûУҪԵĻ˴۴ΪӢۡ˴ۿ϶ǲ
ԼŮȥӢ۵ģֻҴڿǹϵݵ
ֶ֪ǹ֧ĵط˴ġ



@fangshimin

Nov 19
ѵݹҵ˧Ƭõˡ΢ᵽ˧Ľ30졣
ֺֻᵽ˧
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEnzm4WVUAAjpHX?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEnzm4ZVgAU8NoP?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 20
սҪǶзȡĴʩĿԴڸƴѧϵѧİɡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEn8Vd_VkAMcjRg?format=jpg&name=medium



@fangshimin

Nov 20
ʵ˧£ս㷺ʹעϹȨ
ҲԴ˱ʾעսǻ˵⽻⡱Ҵľ˵⽻
⣿
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEoCd5mUcAEImh2?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEoCd5oUYAUDE0G?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEoCd5nVcAYdKr2?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 20
촨ǶڴһǵġӢۡʱǻȸԾƵ
ǵȻPSģԭƵƺӢưΪӢӽ򻶺PSˡ
ΪӢۡ˵ȻУҪǴۡ͵Ǽ
Ĺ͵Ա׷ױ̬ҪʵϰΪȫ˶ôѪ
̬
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEqWbJrVQAIRK0t?format=jpg&name=small

Replying to 
@rgmiami2
Ϊ˲ڻΪﻶⳬ


@fangshimin

Nov 20
ӽʷ־Ը
https://youtu.be/h-OORzvP8GA



@fangshimin

Nov 20
Űͯ
https://twitter.com/i/status/1462171864688521220



@fangshimin

Nov 20
ĿеĿֲ֥Ӹɱŵ10¿ŵ18
ŵһǴӢۡʷ˹򸾡ڵʥ·˹ݵĴԽԽ
ǰʹ෴ī߾ȫĵطʥǸɱ10
֮3.9ͬȹģд˹22%ʥ·˹6%˿10
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEq2W2ZVUAULLIl?format=jpg&name=900x900
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEq2W2aVUAMwE6u?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 20
Ӱ죬ȣ71տʼԤдӯ࣬ƽӯ
310ԪݼܷԼ40%ڹ
ȼݹѧУľѽ110Ԫ鷴̼˼ݾ÷չС
ۡһƬã򷿵ڷнһЩһƽļҾ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FErALuZUYAA7Z-h?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FErALucUYAIB-3i?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 20
ԱݵǹʺɱʣΪʲô͵ͳڽֹ
ͳǹҲΪʲô󲿷ֻ˴Ҫʹ޵ݵ
ΪҲ֪ȫݼݣΣյݼǺݡ
ǹϵľ͸ȫǳʶ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEqmyWTVIAsNkhY?format=jpg&name=large
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEqmyWSVgAISloH?format=jpg&name=large

һ
@yishengheqiu8

Nov 20
Replying to 
@fangshimin
йǹϣУ԰ɱҲû


@fangshimin
Replying to 
@yishengheqiu8
йǹ֧ģУ԰ɱͻöࡣⳬ


cheney
@cheney30288509

Nov 20
Replying to 
@fangshimin
ʥ·˹кʥ·˹ǰٷְٵط


@fangshimin
Replying to 
@cheney30288509
СûԼǹҲ


@fangshimin

Nov 20
֪ʶӡҵķרԬ£7㿴Ʒ߳ʶ
ν籣ЧٵֻͣҪν־Чڵ˵Ϊ
ơ۴ѧĽҲѾһһˡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FErMeL5VEAA-SBh?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FErMeL6VUAIbcaO?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 20
ƫԼԱƫŵȵȣ˵ıܣʷΰҲ
ִֻۣܿһѧߣǾ
ɾҩû˵ıҪھͺˣҽϰٸ
ӢۡɱѪ̬
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FErle4BUYAo79OT?format=jpg&name=small


@fangshimin

Nov 20
Һִռ߻ǻԽԽٵģ˴۵
ŮձƫΪܵĽȡӢۡãҲ
ǵĸĸáôġ



@fangshimin

Nov 20
΢΢ŻǽطЩ֤˧ŵƵҾ
㡣ҡΪϤйϵˡ֪йΪ˿»ᣬһ
ǽڷɱ˧һɳ֮ǽƴ֤˧û¡ûµĻ
˵õô֤οû²ڶ»û¡
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FErsNXGUYAEzYPp?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 20
ʱհҲҪӼҸˣʱհȷҷԲ800׵ھҲ
ʱհߣҲҪӼҸ룿Ȼٳһȷﲡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FErzyLXUUAUd0Tn?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 20
йսǵսפ¹ˡ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEr8PKDVgAEQRjI?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 20
ڴɳĮҰҶ(Fanleaf crinklemat)(Spanish 
needle)ɳĮ޹²(desert lavender)ڴľ(black-banded 
rabbitbrush)
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEsIgf9VQAcWr_l?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEsIgf8UYAc1P9V?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEsIgf-VgAEBwHI?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEsIgiAVIAAH3HZ?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 20
Į³ճ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEsSy1HVUAQLtEi?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEsSy1aVcAYXISF?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEsSy7KUYAE3SUA?format=jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEsSy82VEAIjeQ8?format=jpg



@fangshimin

Nov 20
ǽڲֵ¶ȫ籨ƽףҲܻ򲻸֡
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEsZOdEVgAApbsQ?format=jpg&name=small
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEsZOdEVUAU-VEZ?format=jpg&name=small



@fangshimin

Nov 20
ǻ˶౾ѧ߼ѧأѹҲϲ
ָ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEshbKaVkAIsFtI?format=jpg&name=900x900



@fangshimin

Nov 20
ѹô෭ǽˮԭҪȷ˿սô
ҫۣز
https://twitter.com/i/status/1462329093551058946



@fangshimin

Nov 20
һƬаġ
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FEsDvYJVcAIWoBy?format=jpg&name=900x900

Ginseng Bing
@GinsengBing

Nov 21
ݑһˣ@ǃɏƬ펛քݾ֪@ɶ



@fangshimin

Nov 21
ܿƬ

(XYS20211220)

˿(www.xys.org)(newxys6.com)(groups.google.com/group/xinyusi)


